UK National Archives On UFOs
Daniel Guenther
Source: The National Archives - UK
http://www.catalogue.nationalarchives.gov.uk/rdleaflet.asp?sLeafletID=389
11-05-04
Research Notes 6
Research notes have been compiled by staff in The National
Archives and other government departments in the course of their
work to assist staff and researchers. They have been created
from a wide variety of sources and are related to specific
queries. Research notes should not be considered comprehensive
and it is likely that further information can be found by
undertaking bibliographic research and searching the Catalogue
(www.catalogue.nationalarchives.gov.uk).
Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs)
Introduction - What is a UFO?
Since man first started looking up into the skies he saw things
he couldn't explain. For the last 50 years or so these things
have taken on the label 'UFOs.' Originally an abbreviation for
the US Air Force term 'Unidentified Flying Object', it has
become a synonym to most people for 'Alien Spaceship.' For the
Air Force, though, it is simply a term to refer to something in
the skies that the observer can see but not recognise. Usually
the explanation is less extraordinary than a flying saucer
manned by visitors from other worlds. Often a weather balloon or
natural phenomenon is the cause. However, there are cases on
record where no good common explanation was ever found.
UK History of UFOs
Elements of the secret history of the British Government's early
involvement in the UFO issue, giving an insight into the
politics and personalities responsible for shaping official
policy, can be found by studying the range of documents now
available at The National Archives.
The bulk of recorded history of UFO's in the UK occurs in the
post-war period, but to understand what happened and why, it is
useful to go back a little further. A mysterious wave of airship
sightings that took place over America in 1896 and 1897 ? the
first such sightings recorded ? were mirrored by a series of
sightings that took place in Britain, starting in 1909. These
so-called 'scareship? sightings occurred between 1909 and 1912.
With tension between Britain and Germany particularly high at
the time, the public perception was that these were sightings of
German airships carrying out reconnaissance missions. These
sightings mark the beginning of official interest in unexplained
aerial phenomena.
These sightings continued throughout 1913 and one consequence of
this was the strengthening of the Aerial Navigation Act of 1911.
A Bill was duly passed which set up prohibited areas. If these
were violated or if an airship failed to respond to signals from
the ground, it could then be shot down and to enable this to be
carried out, the War Office stepped up efforts to produce a gun
capable of bringing down an airship. The War Office continued to
investigate the 1913 sightings, but drew a blank.
Despite widespread public scepticism, the Government continued
to take the view that all sightings should be investigated. If
there is evidence that your airspace is being penetrated by
aerial craft one does not ignore the data. Whatever one's
personal beliefs, anyone within government and the military
cannot ignore evidence of this nature and must assume that they
are hostile. This philosophy underpins British official interest
in UFOs, and in a sense the War Office response to the
'scareship? mystery set the template for future official
investigations into UFOs.
Most UFO researchers are familiar with the 'Foo Fighter'
mystery, which involved strange balls of light and small,
metallic objects seen by both Allied and Axis pilots during the
Second World War. File AIR 14/2800 at the National Archives
contains one of the few surviving official British reports of
these objects, detailing how aircrew from Bomber Command's 115
Squadron saw some of these strange objects on bombing raids in
December 1943.
The year that ufology first really hit the headlines in the UK
was 1950. Prior to that there had, of course, been coverage, but
this largely concerned US sightings and the reporting was often
dismissive. But on 8 October 1950 two major newspapers started a
series of articles on the subject. The Sunday Express began to
serialise Gerald Heard's book The Riddle of the Flying Saucers
and the rival Sunday Dispatch, a London paper, ran extracts from
Frank Scully's Behind the Flying Saucers and Donald Keyhoe's The
Flying Saucers are Real.
Media and Establishment scutiny
But it was not just the media who were clamouring for answers
and pressing the Government for action. Some very senior
Establishment figures ? including Earl Mountbatten, Commander-
in-Chief of Fighter Command, Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding,
and Sir Peter Horsley, Deputy Commander-in-Chief at HQ Strike
Command ? felt that something should be done and lobbied on the
subject. An Establishment figure whose interest in UFOs is less
well known is Sir Henry Tizard.
Best known for his pioneering work on the development of radar
technology prior to the Second World War and his various wartime
posts included Scientific Adviser to the Air Staff, Tizard had
followed the official debate about ghost rockets with interest
and was intrigued by the increasing media coverage of UFO
sightings in the UK, America and other parts of the world. Using
his authority as Chief Scientific Adviser at the MOD he decided
that the subject should not be dismissed without some proper,
official investigation. Accordingly, he agreed that a small
Directorate of Scientific Intelligence/Joint Technical
Intelligence Committee (DSI/JTIC) working party should be set up
to investigate the phenomenon. This was dubbed the Flying Saucer
Working Party.
The Flying Saucer Working Party
The Flying Saucer Working Party was set up in October 1950, but
operated under such secrecy that its existence was known to very
few. Nevertheless, there were two clues that such a study had
been carried out. One of these clues was obvious, but the other
was more obscure. The first clue was in the Secretary of State
for Air's response to Prime Minister Winston Churchill's famous
28 July 1952 memo in which he enquired 'What does all this stuff
about flying saucers amount to? What can it mean? What is the
truth? Let me have a report at your convenience'. The response,
dated 9 August 1952, began 'The various reports about
unidentified flying objects, described by the Press as 'flying
saucers', were the subject of a full Intelligence study in
1951'.
The second clue was in a minute dated 29 May 1959, written by an
official in S6 (a now defunct MOD division whose
responsibilities for researching and investigating UFOs were
latterly taken on by DS8, Sec(AS) and now DAS). This minute
contained a sentence which read ?The subject was reviewed by the
J.I.C. some years ago and their views agree with a more
extensive review carried out by the Americans?. This minute can
be found at the National Archives in file DEFE 31/118.
There was some considerable discussion and debate about the
terms of reference of the Flying Saucer Working Party. The final
version read as follows:
1. To review the available evidence in reports of 'Flying
Saucers'.
2. To examine from now on the evidence on which reports of
British origin of phenomena attributed to 'Flying Saucers'
are based.
3. To report to DSI/JTIC as necessary.
4. To keep in touch with American occurrences and evaluation
of such.
The five-man working party was headed by one of the MOD's
scientific intelligence branches, and all the members were
specialists in the field of scientific and technical
intelligence.
The working party's conclusions were set out in a document dated
June 1951 and bearing the designation DSI/JTIC Report No. 7. It
was entitled 'Unidentified Flying Objects' and classified
'Secret Discreet'. The report was made available at the National
Archives on 1 January 2002. Some of the key NA file references
containing the Report and related DSI/JTIC discussions are
<strong>DEFE 10/496</strong> , DEFE 41/74 and DEFE 41/75.
The report concludes that all UFO sightings could be explained
as misidentifications of ordinary objects or phenomena, optical
illusions, psychological delusions or hoaxes. The main body of
the report ends with the following statement: 'We accordingly
recommend very strongly that no further investigation of
reported mysterious aerial phenomena be undertaken, unless and
until some material evidence becomes available'.
The report was duly considered by the DSI/JTIC and it was
recommended that in view of its sceptical conclusions, it should
be regarded as a final report. It was further suggested that the
working party be dissolved with immediate effect. This was
agreed, thus bringing to an end the MOD's first UFO research
project.
Sightings continue
The Flying Saucer Working Party had been dissolved in 1951
amidst a frenzy of scepticism. However, this was soon to change.
During the period 1952 to 1957 there were a series of UFO
sightings involving the military, which forced the MOD to
rethink and then reverse its policy.
Such high-profile sightings, together with the increasing number
of reports from the general public, pushed the sceptics within
MOD onto the defensive. The Flying Saucer Working Party's
recommendation that UFO sightings should not be investigated was
overturned and by the mid-1950s two Air Ministry Divisions were
actively involved in investigating UFO sightings. The divisions
concerned were S6, a civilian secretariat division on the air
staff, and DDI(Tech), a technical intelligence division. Their
brief was to research and investigate the UFO phenomenon looking
for evidence of any threat to the UK.
Evidence
There are as many photographs of UFOs as there are of the Loch
Ness Monster, and they are of equal quality: blurs and
forgeries. Other physical evidence, such as alleged debris from
alien crashes, or burn marks on the ground from alien landings,
or implants in noses or brains of alien abductees, have turned
out to be quite terrestrial, including forgeries. The main
reasons for believing in UFOs are the testimony of many people,
the inability to distinguish science fiction from science, the
willingness to trust incompetent men telling fantastic stories,
the ability to distrust all contrary sources as being part of an
evil conspiracy to withhold the truth, and a desire for contact
with the world above. Belief in aliens in UFOs is akin to belief
in supernatural beings.
Your right to know extended
Details about UFO sightings, clinical trials, accident
investigations and Whitehall meetings are now systematically
being released to the public under plans to open up government.
Public access to information from government bodies is being
extended by the scrapping and amending of numerous pieces of
legislation, under the Freedom of Information Act which is
currently being phased in.
In 2002, the first tranche of hitherto secret information was
released when government departments published their own schemes
of legislation, which they plan to release to the public. The
material will be made available immediately on departmental
websites or through application by post.
The various documents available for dissemination at The
National Archives give a history of the British Government's
early involvement in the UFO issue, giving an insight into the
politics and personalities responsible for shaping official
policy.
The official reporting, analysis and recording of UFO sightings
commenced in the early 1950s, with substantial records at the
National Archives beginning in the early 1960s. At that time the
Air Ministry was made responsible for the collation of all
reports dealing with UFO's (certainly from the early 1960s). The
specific responsibility was delegated to A.I. (Tech)3 in the
deputy Directorate of Intelligence (Technical). All reports from
all sources are sent to A.I. (Tech)3 for examination, analysis
and classification. Reports on unidentified aircraft emanating
from sources other than RAF Fighter Command [where the majority
of reports were directed via police and civilians] were passed
to CIC Fighter Command for investigation.
A.I. (Tech)3 examined all UFO reports and attempted to obtain
substantiating evidence form Fighter Command, MET, MCA etc as
appropriate. All reports registered included the following
details: details of originator i.e. civilian, MET etc; address
of originator; preliminary classification of sighting i.e.
balloon, aircraft, missiles, astronomical phenomena, etc;
height, speed, shape, size, colour, date/time and locality of
sighting; plus other remarks.
Materials available at The National Archives tend to be dated
from 1960 to 1974. They generally consist of collections of
sightings as reported to the Ministry of Defence, by civilians
through, for example, the Royal Air Command and official
correspondence relating to these sightings. There is also
substantial information regarding the government's official UFO
policy through the years, including references to how and by
whom it was drawn up, and how it evolved etc, as well as
numerous references and correspondence between various
departments ? particularly the Ministry of Defence, RAF Fighter
Command and the Deputy Directorate of Intelligence (Technical).
The information included in the majority of files held at The
National Archives is focused on numerous specific UFO reports
and how they have been handled by the various relevant
departments ? either from civilians or airforce personnel. Where
the information is available, it tends to be officially
classified/categorised according to following criteria:
(a) Date, time and duration of sighting;
(b) Description of object;
(c) Exact position observer;
(d) How observed;
(e) Direction in which object was first seen;
(f) Angle of sight;
(g) Distance;
(h) Movements;
(j) Meteorological conditions during observations;
(k) Nearby objects;
(l) To whom reported (police, military organisations, the press etc);
(m) Name and address of informant;
(n) Any background on the informant that may be volunteered;
(o) Other witnesses;
(p) date and time of receipt of report; and
(q) Is a reply requested?
The following files, within AIR 2 and AIR 20 categories should
point you to the key collections of documented sightings through
the years as officially recorded by successive governments (in
approximately chronological order):
AIR 2/16918 features numerous sightings, with reports by members
of the public between 1961-1963; and likewise AIR 2/18115, 1967;
AIR 2/18116, 1967; AIR 2/18117 1967-1968; AIR 2/18183, 1968-
1969. AIR 2/18871 contains reports and newspaper cuttings
from1972, while AIR 2/18872 again consists of a collection of
civilian and other reports, 1972-1973; AIR 2/18873, 1972-1973;
and AIR 2/18874 likewise for 1974-1975. AIR 2/19125, which
opened this year, is essentially a collection of UFO sightings
as compiled by RAF Patrington ? referred as reports of unusual
occurrences (UFO). This includes a collection of reports from
civilians, police, and various flight personnel from RAF
Patrington etc and occurring between 1968 and 1973.
AIR 20 files include: AIR 20/11612 which again is a collection
of general UFO reports and policy statements, 1967-1968; AIR
20/9320 reports from Air Traffic Control (Code 9): and details
of Parliamentary question on unidentified flying objects 1957.
AIR 20/9320 includes details of Radar and Radio Countermeasures
(Code 61): Parliamentary question on UFO's 1957; AIR 20/9321
likewise Air Traffic Control (Code 9): Parliamentary question on
unidentified flying objects; Radar and Radio Countermeasures
(Code 61): Parliamentary question on unidentified flying
objects; and similarly for AIR 20/9322.
A subseries within AIR 20 includes: BJ 5/311, which features
documentation relating to meteorological aspects 1968-1970; and
DEFE 44/119 a collection of UFO reports and analysis, Jan 1951-
Dec 1951.
Ministry of Defence Archives
The Ministry of Defence archives
[www.mod.uk/contacts/army_records.htm and
www.foi.mod.uk/classes1.asp] includes updated information on
UFOs, including the Rendlesham documents about a UFO report in
Suffolk in 1980 ? which remains one of the most convincing UFO's
incidents to-date, and still remains unexplained. The so-called
Rendlesham File is a fat catalogue detailing the increasingly
despairing correspondence between the Ministry of Defence and
members of the public after the sighting of unexplained lights
in Rendlesham Forest, near the RAF base at Woodbridge, Suffolk,
in December 1980.
US Government sources
The US has long been considerably more active than the UK
government in recording and analysing UFO sightings through the
years. The U.S. Government Documents provide a valuable resource
for UFO information gatherers:
1. The Central Intelligence Agency has placed the full texts of
recently declassified documents concerning UFO's on line at the
CIA's Popular Document Collection: UFO's Fact or Fiction?
www.foia.ucia.gov/scripts/popdoc.asp
2. The National Security Agency has placed the full texts of
recently declassified documents concerning UFOs online at the
National Security Agency's UFO Documents Index.
www.nsa.gov:8080/docs/efoia/released/ufo.html
3. The Federal Bureau of Investigation has placed the full texts
of recently declassified documents concerning UFOs in PDF format
in the 'Unusual Phenomena' section of the FOIA Electronic
Reading Room. www.foia.fbi.gov/uo.htm
4. For extensive documentation of UFO investigations, the
researcher should consult the records of US Air Force Project
Blue Book, located in Record Group 341, at the National Archives
and Records Administration, Textual Reference Branch, College
Park, MD 20740-6001; telephone (301) 713-7250
5. RG 341.15 Records of Project Blue Book 1947-69
o History: Established as Project Sign by a memorandum from
Maj. Gen. L.C. Craigie, Director of Research and Development,
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, Material, HQUSAF, to Lt.
Gen. Nathan F. Twining, Commanding General, Air Materiel Command
(AMC), USAF, 30 December 1947. Assigned to Technical
Intelligence Division, Intelligence Department, AMC, 22 January
1948; confirmed by Technical Instruction 2185, HQAMC, 11
February 1949, pursuant to a letter from Director of Research
and Development, Deputy Chief of Staff, Materiel, HQUSAF, 16
December 1948. Project Grudge terminated, December 1949.
Reactivated, 27 October 1951. Redesignated Project Blue Book,
March 1952. Air Technical Intelligence Center, transferred from
AMC to Office of Director of Intelligence, Deputy Chief of
Staff, Operations, 1952. Terminated by Secretary of the Air
Force announcement, 17 December 1969.
o Textual Records: Records of the Aerial Phenomena Branch,
Technical Analysis Division, Air Technical Intelligence Center,
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, relating to the Air Force
study of unidentified flying objects (UFOs), consisting of case
files on alleged UFO sightings, 1947-1969 (61ft.); case files of
the 4602d Air Intelligence Service Squadron on alleged UFO
sightings, 1954-56; and records relating to the staffing and
organisation of the project, 1948-67. Records of the Office of
the Director of Special Investigations, Office of the Inspector
General, HQUSAF, consisting of reports of investigations of
alleged UFO sightings, 1948-68.
o Motion Pictures (20 reels): Motion pictures received by the
Air Force during the project, and forming part of the Aerial
Phenomena Branch case files described above, 1950-67.
o Sound Recordings (23 items): Interviews with individuals
conducted or acquired by the Air Force during the project, and
forming part of the Aerial Phenomena Branch case files described
above, 1955-67.
o Photographs (8,360 images): Sightings of alleged UFOs,
forming part of the Aerial Phenomena Branch case files described
above, 1954-66 (PBB).
o The Declassified Documents Reference System published by
Research Publications, Woodbridge, CT issued bimonthly on
microfiche with a hardcopy abstracts/subject index, is another
source worth examining. OCLC 16411767
Suggestions for further reading
There have been so many books on the subject of UFO's that a
comprehensive bibliography would not be practical here. In no
way should this be seen to detract from the other books to be
found in the ever-extending list of titles. This list is
alphabetical and includes all the major reference works.
- Adamski, George. Flying Saucers. Farewell.
- Azhazha, V. 'UFOs: Space Aliens?' Soviet Soldier 12 (Dec.
1991): 67-69.
- Beard, Robert Brookes. Flying Saucers, U.F.O's and
Extraterrestrial Life: A Bibliography of British Books, 1959-
1970. Swindon UK: R. Beard, 1971.
- Becker, Louise G. Unidentified Flying Objects: Selected
Reference (1966-1968). Washington: Library of Congress,
Legislative Reference Service, c1968.
- Berlitz, Charles. The Roswell Incident. New York: Grosset &
Dunlap, 1980.
- Blum, Howard. Out There: The Government's Secret Quest for
Extraterrestrials. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990.
- Boikov, R. 'Paratroopers and UFOnauts.' Soviet Soldier 4
(Apr. 1991): 74-76.
- Brennan, Norman. Flying Saucer Books and Pamphlets in
English: A Bibliographic Checklist. Buffalo, NY: 1971.
- Carlson, David R. 'UFOs: The Air Force and the UFOs.'
Aerospace Historian 22, no.4 (Dec. 1974)
- Catoe, Lynn E. UFOs and Related Subjects: An Annotated
Bibliography. Washington: Air Force Office of Scientific
Research, Office of Aerospace Research, 1969.
- Condon, Dr. Edward U. Final Report of the Scientific Study
of Unidentified Flying Objects Conducted by the University of
Colorado under Contract to the United States Air Force (New
York: E.P. Dutton, 1969).
- Corso, Philip J. The Day After Roswell. New York: Pocket
Books, 1997.
- Dane, Abe. 'Flying Saucers: The Real Story.' Popular
Mechanics 172, no.l (Jan. 1995).
- Davidson, Leon. Flying Saucers: An Analysis of the Air Force
Project Blue Book Special Report No. 14. Ramsey NJ:
RamseyWallace Corp., 1966.
- Dolan, Richard and Vallee, Jacques: UFOs and the National
Security State: Chronology of a coverup, 1941-1973.
- Dudley, William, ed. UFOs (At Issue - Opposing Viewpoint
Series) (San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999).
- Frazier, Kendrick, (ed) The Ufo Invasion: The Roswell
Incident, Alien Abductions, and Governemnt Coverups (Promethues,
1997).
- Friedman, Stanton T. Crash at Corona: The U.S. Military
Retrieval and CoverUp of a UFO. New York: Paragon House, 1992.
OCLC 25632749.
- Good, Timothy. Above Top Secret: The Worldwide UFO Coverup.
New York: Morrow, 1987.
- Hall, Richard H. ed. The UFO Evidence (Unidentified Flying
Objects). Washington: National Investigations Committee on
Aerial Phenomena (NICAP), 1964.
- Haines, Gerald K. 'CIA's Role in the Study of UFOs, 1947-
1990' Studies in Intelligence 1, no. 1 (1997): 1-28 [Reprinted
in Intelligence and National Security 14, No. 2 (Summer, 1999):
26-49. _____. 'CIA's role in the Study of UFOs, 1947-1990: A Die
Hard Issue' Intelligence and National Security 14, no. 2 (Summer
1999): 26-48.
- Huyghe, Patrick. The Field Guide to Extraterrestials. New
York: Avon Books, 1996.
- Jacobs, David Michael. The UFO Controversy in America.
Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975. [Contains a review
of documents from Project Blue Book study files.]
- Jung, Carl G. Flying Saucers: A Modern Myth of Things Seen
in the Skies. New York: Harcourt, 1959.
- Keyhoe, Donald E. Flying Saucers From Outer Space. New York:
Holt, 1953. [Keyhoe was the founder of the National
Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP) in 1956.
_____. Flying Saucers: Top Secret. New York: Putnam, 1960.
- Kinder, Gary. Light Years: An Investigation Into the
Extraterrestrial Experiences of Eduard Meier. New York: Atlantic
Monthly Press, 1987.
- Klass, Philip. UFOs: The Public Deceived. New York:
Prometheus Books, 1983.____, The Real Roswell Crashed-Saucer
Coverup. Amherst NY: Prometheus Books, 1997.
- Korff, Kal K. The Rosewell UFO Crash: What They Don't Want
You to Know. Amherst NY: Prometheus Books, 1997.
- Kurtz, Paul. The Transcendental Temptation: a Critique of
Religion and the Paranormal (Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books,
1986).
- Lorenzen, C.E. Great Flying Saucer Hoax. New York: William
Frederick, 1962.
- Mack, John E. Abduction: Human Encounters With Aliens. New
York: Scribners, 1994.
- McAndrew, James. The Roswell Report: Case Closed.
Washington: Headquarters, US Air Force, 1997.
- Menzel, Donald Howard World of Flying Saucers: A Scientific
Examination of a Major Myth of the Space Age. New York:
Doubleday, 1963.
- Page, Henrietta, M. Flying Saucers: A Bibliography. Aiken,
SC: Page, 1975.
- Peebles, Curtis. Watch the Skies!: A Chronicle of the Flying
Saucer Myth. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994.
- Pendlow, Gregory W. and Donald E. Welzenbach. The CIA and
the U-2 Program, 1954-1974. Central Intelligence Agency, 1998.
- Pflock, Karl T. Roswell in Perspective. Washington: Fund for
UFO Research, 1994.
- Randi, James. Flim-Flam! (Buffalo, New York: Prometheus
Books,1982), ch. 4.
- Randle, Kevin D. Conspiracy of Silence. New York: Avon
Books, 1997. OCLC 35770870._____. A History of UFO Crashes. New
York: Avon Books, 1995._____. Project Blue Book Exposed. New
York: Marlowe & Co., 1997. OCLC 37047544._____. UFO Crash at
Roswell. New York: Avon Books, l991.?????.
- Schmitt, Donald R. The Truth About the UFO Crash at Roswell.
New York: M. Evans, 1994.
- Randles, Jenny. UFO Retrievals: The Recovery of Alien
Spacecraft. London: Blandford, 1995._____. UFOs and How to See
Them. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, 1992.
- Rodgers, Kay. Unidentified Flying Objects: A Selected
Bibliography. Washington: Library of Congress, 1976.
- Ruppelt, Edward J. Report on Unidentified Flying Obiects.
New York: Doubleday, 1956.
- Saler, Benson, Charles A. Ziegler, and Charles B. Moore. UFO
Crash at Roswell: The Genesis of a Modern Myth. Washington:
Smithsonian Instituiton Press, 1997.
- Sagan, Carl. Broca's Brain (New York: Random House, 1979),
ch 5. 'NightWalkers and Mystery Mongers: Sense and Nonsense at
the Edge of Science'.---Sagan, Carl. The Demon-Haunted World -
Science as a Candle in the Dark, ch. 4, (New York: Random
House, 1995).---Sagan, Carl; Page, Thornton, UFO's: A Scientific
Debate, (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press 1972).
- Shawcross, Tim. The Roswell File: Fifty Years On - The Most
Thorough Investigation Yet of the Biggest Alien Story Ever.
Osceola, WI: Motorbooks International, l997.
- Sheaffer, Robert. UFO Sightings: The Evidence (Buffalo, NY:
Prometheus Books, 1989).
- Spencer, John ed. The UFO Encyclopedia. New York: Avon
Books, l991.
- Stonehill, Paul. The Stonehill UFO Files: Paranormal
Encounters Behind the Iron Curtain. New York: Quadrillion Pub.,
1998. [Includes a list of UFO research organisations in Russia,
Ukraine and Uzbekistan.]
- Stover, Dawn. '50 Years After Roswell.' Popular Science 250,
no.6 (Jun. 1997): 82-88.Strieber, Whitley. Communion: The True
Story. New York: Morrow, 1987.
- Tacker, Lawrence J. Flying Saucers and the U.S. Air Force.
New York: Van Nostrand, 1960. [States the official Air Force
position as of 1960 and includes earlier Air Force statements on
UFOs.]
- Tarabrin, A. 'Star Wars or Star Peace?: Following the Traces
of Flying Saucers.' Soviet Soldier 1 (Jan. 1991): 68-70.
- Unidentified Flying Objects Bibliography, Newspaper
Clippings. Washington: Library of Congress, n.d. [Note: 4 volume
set of microfilm covering the period through 1966]
- United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services.
Unidentified Flying Objects. 89th Cong., 2d sess., 5 April 1966.
- United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and
Astronautics. Symposium on Unidentified Flying Objects. 90th
Cong., 2d sess., 29 July 1968.United States. Department of
Defense.[DOD UFO website.]
- United States. Department of the Air Force. 'Unidentified
Flying Objects and Air Force Project Blue Book.' USAF Fact Sheet
95-03.
- United States. Department of the Air Force. The Roswell
Report: Fact Versus Fiction in the New Mexico Desert.
Washington: GPO, 1995.
- United States. General Accounting Office. Results of a
Search for Records Concerning the 1947 Crash Near Roswell, New
Mexico. Washington: General Accounting Office, 1995.
- United States. Library of Congress, Science and Technology
Division, Science Reference Section. Unidentified Flying Objects
(UFOS). Washington: GPO, 1991.
- Vasilyev, V. 'Target: UFO.' Soviet Soldier 8 (Aug. 1991):
73-75.
- Walters, Edward and Bruce Maccabee. UFO's Are Real: Here's
the Proof. New York: Avon Books, 1997.
- Walters, Edward and Frances Walters. The Gulf Breeze
Sightinqs: The Most Astounding Multiple Sightings of UFO's in
U.S. History. New York: William Morrow, 1990.
- Warren, Larry. Left at East Gate: A First-hand Account of
the Bentwater-Woodbridge UFO Incident, its Cover-up, and
Investigation. New York: Marlowe & Co., 1997.
- Wilson, Jim. 'Roswell Plus 50. 'Popular Mechanics 174, no.7
(Jul. 1997): 48-53.
- Ziegler, Charles A. 'UFOs and the US Intelligence Community'
Intelligence and National Security 14, no. 2 (summer 1999).
Additional organisations worth noting:
1. http://www.ufoevidence.org - This is one of the Internet's
largest sources of research and information on the UFO
phenomenon, with over 2,000 articles, documents and resources.
2. The J Allen Hynek Center for UFO Studies (CUFOS) ?
http://www.cufos.org/index.html ? is an international group of
scientists, academics, investigators, and volunteers dedicated
to the continuing examination and analysis of the UFO
phenomenon. Our purpose is to promote serious scientific
interest in UFOs and to serve as an archive for reports,
documents, and publications about the UFO phenomenon.
3. SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Institute
SETI Institute/Space.com: Aims to explore, understand and
explain the origin, nature and prevalence of life in the
universe. http://www.seti-inst.edu/
4. Parascope Nebula: Nebula = the UFO news service of Parascope.
Attempts to winnow out the nonsense, naivete, and non-
information that it believes dominates UFOlogy
http://www.parascope.com/nebula.htm
5. Natural Identified Flying Objects:
http://www.unmuseum.org/ifonat.htm - has comprehensive section
on UFOs from a US perspective
[UFO UpDates thanks Stuart Miller for the lead]
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JTC - UFO sightings database
http://www.ufodb.net
JTC - UFO sightings database Forum
http://jtcufo.proboards26.com