Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam (To the Greater Glory of God)

For: Sunday, July 5, 2009

14th Sunday in Ordinary Time

From: 2 Corinthians 12:7-10

Visions and Revelations
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[7] And to keep me [Paul] from being too elated by the abundance of revelations,
a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan, to harass me, to keep
me from being too elated. [8] Three times I besought the Lord about this, that it
should leave me; [9] but he said to me, "My grace is sufficient for you, for my
power is made perfect in weakness." I will all the more gladly boast of my weak-
nesses, that the power of Christ may rest upon me. [10] For the sake of Christ,
then, I am content with weaknesses, insults, hard- ships, persecutions, and ca-
lamities; for when I am weak, then I am strong.

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Commentary:

7-10. Displaying admirable humility, St Paul now refers to the weakness God al-
lowed him to experience to ensure his supernatural gifts did not make him proud.
It is impossible to say what exactly the "thorn in his flesh" was. Some Fathers--
St Augustine, for example--and modern commentators think that it was some
particularly painful and humiliating physical ailment, possibly the same one as
he refers to in Galatians 4:13f, where he also speaks in general terms. Others,
like St John Chrysostom, are of the view that he is referring to the pain which
continual persecution caused him. Others--from St Gregory the Great onwards
--opt for an ascetical interpretation; they say he is referring to temptations to do
with conscience; but the supporters of the two other theses argue, for example,
that it is unlikely that St Paul would have mentioned anything of that kind, be-
cause it could have given his enemies ammunition for further attacks.

St Paul asked God to take this "thorn" away, but the heavenly answer he re-
ceived is very revealing: God's grace is enough to enable him to cope with this
difficulty--which serves to reveal God's power. And so it is that he boasts of and
is content with his weaknesses and the persecution he suffers: in these circum-
stances he is stronger than ever, thanks to God's supernatural help.

When commenting on this passage, St Thomas explains that God sometimes
permits certain kinds of evil in order to draw out greater good: for example, in or-
der to protect people from pride--the root of all vices -- he sometimes allows his
chosen ones to be humiliated by an illness, or a defect, or even by mortal sin, in
order that "the person who is humbled in this way might recognize that he cannot
stand firm by his own efforts alone. Hence it is said in Romans 8:28, 'We know
that in everything God works for good with those who love him'--not of course that
God seeks the sin but [the sinner's] turning to him" ("Commentary on 2 Cor, ad
loc.").

7. "A messenger of Satan", an angel of Satan: this is how he describes the hu-
miliating "thorn". This suggests that the disability could have been seen as an
obstacle to his work of evangelization--which the devil, logically, would have
been keen to frustrate (cf. 2:11; 11:14f).

8-10. Christians can learn a great deal about the ascetical struggle from these
words. They remind us, on the one hand, of the need to ask the Lord to help us
when we experience difficulties, and at the same time to be full of trust and to
abandon ourselves to God, who knows what is best for us. "The Lord is good",
St Jerome teaches, "because he often does not give us what we desire, in order
to give us something we would prefer" ("Epist. ad Paulinum").

The passage also shows us what attitude we should take to our own weakness:
"We have to glory", St Alphonsus says, "in the knowledge of our own weakness
in order to acquire the strength of Jesus Christ, which is holy humility", without
"giving in to lack of confidence, as the devil wants, and falling into more serious
sins" ("Treasury of Preaching Material", II, 6).

At the same time this passage teaches us that awareness of our personal short-
comings should lead us to put all our trust in God: "We have to cry out cease-
lessly with a strong and humble faith, 'Lord, put not your trust in me. But I, I put
my trust in you. ' Then, as we sense in our hearts the love, the compassion, the
tenderness of Christ's gaze upon us (for he never abandons us) we shall come
to understand the full meaning of those words of St Paul, "virtus in infirmitate
perficitur" (2 Cor 12:9). If we have faith in our Lord, in spite of our failings -- or
rather, with our failings--we shall be faithful to our Father, God; his divine power
will shine forth in us, sustaining us in our weakness" (St. J. Escriva, "Friends
of God", 194).

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Source: "The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries".  Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.  We encourage readers to purchase
The Navarre Bible for personal study. See Scepter Publishers for details.

"Ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ."  --  St Jerome

"The Father uttered one Word; that Word is His Son, and He utters Him forever
in everlasting silence: and in silence the soul has to hear it.
   --  St John of the Cross