>  I am using cakePHP 1.2 and having trouble getting RSS working. My RSS
> output contains one blank line before the start of the first tag,
> breaking my RSS. I have checked all my modules, controllers, views,
> components, and helpers for blank space but didn't find anywhere. Did
> anyone experienced similar problem before and would be kind enough to
> tell me where possibly I am making a mistake or how to find where I
> might be inserting a blank line

> Regards,
> Ritesh

> > hi,

> >  I am using cakePHP 1.2 and having trouble getting RSS working. My RSS
> > output contains one blank line before the start of the first tag,
> > breaking my RSS. I have checked all my modules, controllers, views,
> > components, and helpers for blank space but didn't find anywhere. Did
> > anyone experienced similar problem before and would be kind enough to
> > tell me where possibly I am making a mistake or how to find where I
> > might be inserting a blank line

> > Regards,
> > Ritesh

> Have you got any code which contains ... ?> <?php ..

> There really is only one cause. you could try issuing a header as the
> first line of your layout and see where it complains output already
> started.

> hth,

> AD

> I used Chris Lamp's magic command (see below) to get rid of all new
> trailing blank lines

> $ find -name "*.php" | xargs sed -i -e :a -e '/^\n*$/{$d;N;ba' -e '}'

> The above command did help as now I am not getting any blank line
> before my xml declaration. But I am still getting some blank spaces
> before my xml declaration. I tried what you suggested but still not
> able to find any specific problem. Based on your suggestion, I changed
> my layout to look like this

> //File: views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
> <?php
> echo '<channel>';
> echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> pubDate>';
> echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> echo $content_for_layout;
> echo '</channel>';
> ?>

> However if I set debug to 2, I am getting this error message

> Parse error: parse error, unexpected T_STRING in D:\xampp\xampp\htdocs
> \memento\app\views\layouts\rss\default.ctp on line 1

> I am still clueless. :-(

> Regards,
> Ritesh

> On Nov 6, 5:49 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > On Nov 6, 10:15 am, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > hi,

> > >  I am using cakePHP 1.2 and having trouble getting RSS working. My RSS
> > > output contains one blank line before the start of the first tag,
> > > breaking my RSS. I have checked all my modules, controllers, views,
> > > components, and helpers for blank space but didn't find anywhere. Did
> > > anyone experienced similar problem before and would be kind enough to
> > > tell me where possibly I am making a mistake or how to find where I
> > > might be inserting a blank line

> > > Regards,
> > > Ritesh

> > Have you got any code which contains ... ?> <?php ..

> > There really is only one cause. you could try issuing a header as the
> > first line of your layout and see where it complains output already
> > started.

> > hth,

> > AD

> php thinks
> <?xml version="

> is actually

> <?php xml version="....

> Mike

> On Nov 6, 11:56 am, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > hi AD7six,

> > I used Chris Lamp's magic command (see below) to get rid of all new
> > trailing blank lines

> > $ find -name "*.php" | xargs sed -i -e :a -e '/^\n*$/{$d;N;ba' -e '}'

> > The above command did help as now I am not getting any blank line
> > before my xml declaration. But I am still getting some blank spaces
> > before my xml declaration. I tried what you suggested but still not
> > able to find any specific problem. Based on your suggestion, I changed
> > my layout to look like this

> > //File: views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> > <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
> > <?php
> > echo '<channel>';
> > echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> > echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> > echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> > pubDate>';
> > echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> > echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> > echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> > echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> > echo $content_for_layout;
> > echo '</channel>';
> > ?>

> > However if I set debug to 2, I am getting this error message

> > Parse error: parse error, unexpected T_STRING in D:\xampp\xampp\htdocs
> > \memento\app\views\layouts\rss\default.ctp on line 1

> > I am still clueless. :-(

> > Regards,
> > Ritesh

> > On Nov 6, 5:49 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > On Nov 6, 10:15 am, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > hi,

> > > >  I am using cakePHP 1.2 and having trouble getting RSS working. My RSS
> > > > output contains one blank line before the start of the first tag,
> > > > breaking my RSS. I have checked all my modules, controllers, views,
> > > > components, and helpers for blank space but didn't find anywhere. Did
> > > > anyone experienced similar problem before and would be kind enough to
> > > > tell me where possibly I am making a mistake or how to find where I
> > > > might be inserting a blank line

> > > > Regards,
> > > > Ritesh

> > > Have you got any code which contains ... ?> <?php ..

> > > There really is only one cause. you could try issuing a header as the
> > > first line of your layout and see where it complains output already
> > > started.

> > > hth,

> > > AD- Hide quoted text -

> - Show quoted text -

> hi Mike,

> you are right..I have short_open_tags on. But how does it matter?

> Also I tried to switch it off but the above error still persist.

> Regards,
> Ritesh

> On Nov 6, 7:13 am, Mike Green <mik...@gmail.com> wrote:
> > £50 says you have short_open_tags enabled in your php.ini

> > php thinks
> > <?xml version="

> > is actually

> > <?php xml version="....

> > Mike

> > On Nov 6, 11:56 am, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > hi AD7six,

> > > I used Chris Lamp's magic command (see below) to get rid of all new
> > > trailing blank lines

> > > $ find -name "*.php" | xargs sed -i -e :a -e '/^\n*$/{$d;N;ba' -e '}'

> > > The above command did help as now I am not getting any blank line
> > > before my xml declaration. But I am still getting some blank spaces
> > > before my xml declaration. I tried what you suggested but still not
> > > able to find any specific problem. Based on your suggestion, I changed
> > > my layout to look like this

> > > //File: views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> > > <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
> > > <?php
> > > echo '<channel>';
> > > echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> > > echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> > > echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> > > pubDate>';
> > > echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> > > echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> > > echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> > > echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> > > echo $content_for_layout;
> > > echo '</channel>';
> > > ?>

> > > However if I set debug to 2, I am getting this error message

> > > Parse error: parse error, unexpected T_STRING in D:\xampp\xampp\htdocs
> > > \memento\app\views\layouts\rss\default.ctp on line 1

> > > I am still clueless. :-(

> > > Regards,
> > > Ritesh

> > > On Nov 6, 5:49 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > On Nov 6, 10:15 am, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > hi,

> > > > >  I am using cakePHP 1.2 and having trouble getting RSS working. My RSS
> > > > > output contains one blank line before the start of the first tag,
> > > > > breaking my RSS. I have checked all my modules, controllers, views,
> > > > > components, and helpers for blank space but didn't find anywhere. Did
> > > > > anyone experienced similar problem before and would be kind enough to
> > > > > tell me where possibly I am making a mistake or how to find where I
> > > > > might be inserting a blank line

> > > > > Regards,
> > > > > Ritesh

> > > > Have you got any code which contains ... ?> <?php ..

> > > > There really is only one cause. you could try issuing a header as the
> > > > first line of your layout and see where it complains output already
> > > > started.

> > > > hth,

> > > > AD- Hide quoted text -

> > - Show quoted text -

> you are right..I have short_open_tags on. But how does it matter?

> > £50 says you have short_open_tags enabled in your php.ini

> If I were a betting man... I wouldn't have taken that bet on :D

> I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> people struggle with this.

> > hi all,

> > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > people struggle with this.

> "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> see where it complains output already
> started. "

> there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> mistake).

> You'll find it in the end ;).

> AD

> > hi all,

> > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > people struggle with this.

> "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> see where it complains output already
> started. "

> there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> mistake).

> You'll find it in the end ;).

> AD

> I tried putting header in default layout for RSS, but didn't work. I
> didn't recieve that output buffer already started at XYZ. The only
> error that I am getting is "Invalid XML Declaration -  Line: 1
> Character: 6". I also tried putting header command in controller
> class, but that also didn't work. :-(

> //views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> <?php echo header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); ?>
> <?php
> echo $rss->header();
> echo '<channel>';
> echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> pubDate>';
> echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> echo $content_for_layout;
> echo '</channel>';
> ?>

> This is frustrating :-(
> isn't there any magic command that will automatically remove all the
> trailing and leading spaces ?

> Regards,
> Ritesh

> On Nov 6, 10:07 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > On Nov 6, 2:01 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > hi all,

> > > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > > people struggle with this.

> > "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> > see where it complains output already
> > started. "

> > there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> > mistake).

> > You'll find it in the end ;).

> > AD

> Make sure you are using UTF-8 "BOMS".

> Make sure tags in Model, Controller, and Views "<?
> php"............................ "?>"
> Have no spaces after or before them NONE.  I found one in the cake
> folder in the app model.  You have six spaces this is literally the
> cause of your frustrations.  You should check every model, view, and
> controller..  It does suck but it is what is causing your problem.

> On Nov 6, 1:54 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > hi AD7six,

> > I tried putting header in default layout for RSS, but didn't work. I
> > didn't recieve that output buffer already started at XYZ. The only
> > error that I am getting is "Invalid XML Declaration -  Line: 1
> > Character: 6". I also tried putting header command in controller
> > class, but that also didn't work. :-(

> > //views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> > <?php echo header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); ?>
> > <?php
> > echo $rss->header();
> > echo '<channel>';
> > echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> > echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> > echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> > pubDate>';
> > echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> > echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> > echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> > echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> > echo $content_for_layout;
> > echo '</channel>';
> > ?>

> > This is frustrating :-(
> > isn't there any magic command that will automatically remove all the
> > trailing and leading spaces ?

> > Regards,
> > Ritesh

> > On Nov 6, 10:07 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > On Nov 6, 2:01 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > hi all,

> > > > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > > > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > > > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > > > people struggle with this.

> > > "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> > > see where it complains output already
> > > started. "

> > > there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> > > mistake).

> > > You'll find it in the end ;).

> > > AD- Hide quoted text -

> - Show quoted text -

> I am not sure if I understand what do you mean by UTF-8 "BOMS". How
> can verify that. I am using eclipse as my PHP Editor.

> Regards,
> Ritesh

> On Nov 6, 4:00 pm, seacloud9 <brendonsm...@seacloud9.org> wrote:

> > I have had this exact same problem it can hold you up for days..

> > Make sure you are using UTF-8 "BOMS".

> > Make sure tags in Model, Controller, and Views "<?
> > php"............................ "?>"
> > Have no spaces after or before them NONE.  I found one in the cake
> > folder in the app model.  You have six spaces this is literally the
> > cause of your frustrations.  You should check every model, view, and
> > controller..  It does suck but it is what is causing your problem.

> > On Nov 6, 1:54 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > hi AD7six,

> > > I tried putting header in default layout for RSS, but didn't work. I
> > > didn't recieve that output buffer already started at XYZ. The only
> > > error that I am getting is "Invalid XML Declaration -  Line: 1
> > > Character: 6". I also tried putting header command in controller
> > > class, but that also didn't work. :-(

> > > //views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> > > <?php echo header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); ?>
> > > <?php
> > > echo $rss->header();
> > > echo '<channel>';
> > > echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> > > echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> > > echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> > > pubDate>';
> > > echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> > > echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> > > echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> > > echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> > > echo $content_for_layout;
> > > echo '</channel>';
> > > ?>

> > > This is frustrating :-(
> > > isn't there any magic command that will automatically remove all the
> > > trailing and leading spaces ?

> > > Regards,
> > > Ritesh

> > > On Nov 6, 10:07 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > On Nov 6, 2:01 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > hi all,

> > > > > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > > > > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > > > > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > > > > people struggle with this.

> > > > "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> > > > see where it complains output already
> > > > started. "

> > > > there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> > > > mistake).

> > > > You'll find it in the end ;).

> > > > AD- Hide quoted text -

> > - Show quoted text -

> On Nov 6, 3:52 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > hi Seacloud9

> > I am not sure if I understand what do you mean by UTF-8 "BOMS". How
> > can verify that. I am using eclipse as my PHP Editor.

> > Regards,
> > Ritesh

> > On Nov 6, 4:00 pm, seacloud9 <brendonsm...@seacloud9.org> wrote:

> > > I have had this exact same problem it can hold you up for days..

> > > Make sure you are using UTF-8 "BOMS".

> > > Make sure tags in Model, Controller, and Views "<?
> > > php"............................ "?>"
> > > Have no spaces after or before them NONE.  I found one in the cake
> > > folder in the app model.  You have six spaces this is literally the
> > > cause of your frustrations.  You should check every model, view, and
> > > controller..  It does suck but it is what is causing your problem.

> > > On Nov 6, 1:54 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > hi AD7six,

> > > > I tried putting header in default layout for RSS, but didn't work. I
> > > > didn't recieve that output buffer already started at XYZ. The only
> > > > error that I am getting is "Invalid XML Declaration -  Line: 1
> > > > Character: 6". I also tried putting header command in controller
> > > > class, but that also didn't work. :-(

> > > > //views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> > > > <?php echo header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); ?>
> > > > <?php
> > > > echo $rss->header();
> > > > echo '<channel>';
> > > > echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> > > > echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> > > > echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> > > > pubDate>';
> > > > echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> > > > echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> > > > echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> > > > echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> > > > echo $content_for_layout;
> > > > echo '</channel>';
> > > > ?>

> > > > This is frustrating :-(
> > > > isn't there any magic command that will automatically remove all the
> > > > trailing and leading spaces ?

> > > > Regards,
> > > > Ritesh

> > > > On Nov 6, 10:07 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > On Nov 6, 2:01 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > > hi all,

> > > > > > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > > > > > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > > > > > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > > > > > people struggle with this.

> > > > > "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> > > > > see where it complains output already
> > > > > started. "

> > > > > there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> > > > > mistake).

> > > > > You'll find it in the end ;).

> > > > > AD- Hide quoted text -

> > > - Show quoted text -

> On Nov 7, 12:14 am, seacloud9 <brendonsm...@seacloud9.org> wrote:

> > I don't know in eclipse my guess is it would be associated with your
> > overall preferences listed under encoding (google that) but you most
> > likely have space before and after your "<?php" .... "?>"  but do
> > check your model view controllers all of them.  It is a drag and it
> > did take me several days to do this myself but it was worth it.

> > On Nov 6, 3:52 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > hi Seacloud9

> > > I am not sure if I understand what do you mean by UTF-8 "BOMS". How
> > > can verify that. I am using eclipse as my PHP Editor.

> > > Regards,
> > > Ritesh

> > > On Nov 6, 4:00 pm, seacloud9 <brendonsm...@seacloud9.org> wrote:

> > > > I have had this exact same problem it can hold you up for days..

> > > > Make sure you are using UTF-8 "BOMS".

> > > > Make sure tags in Model, Controller, and Views "<?
> > > > php"............................ "?>"
> > > > Have no spaces after or before them NONE.  I found one in the cake
> > > > folder in the app model.  You have six spaces this is literally the
> > > > cause of your frustrations.  You should check every model, view, and
> > > > controller..  It does suck but it is what is causing your problem.

> > > > On Nov 6, 1:54 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > hi AD7six,

> > > > > I tried putting header in default layout for RSS, but didn't work. I
> > > > > didn't recieve that output buffer already started at XYZ. The only
> > > > > error that I am getting is "Invalid XML Declaration -  Line: 1
> > > > > Character: 6". I also tried putting header command in controller
> > > > > class, but that also didn't work. :-(

> > > > > //views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> > > > > <?php echo header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); ?>
> > > > > <?php
> > > > > echo $rss->header();
> > > > > echo '<channel>';
> > > > > echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> > > > > echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> > > > > echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> > > > > pubDate>';
> > > > > echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> > > > > echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> > > > > echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> > > > > echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> > > > > echo $content_for_layout;
> > > > > echo '</channel>';
> > > > > ?>

> > > > > This is frustrating :-(
> > > > > isn't there any magic command that will automatically remove all the
> > > > > trailing and leading spaces ?

> > > > > Regards,
> > > > > Ritesh

> > > > > On Nov 6, 10:07 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > > On Nov 6, 2:01 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > > > hi all,

> > > > > > > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > > > > > > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > > > > > > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > > > > > > people struggle with this.

> > > > > > "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> > > > > > see where it complains output already
> > > > > > started. "

> > > > > > there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> > > > > > mistake).

> > > > > > You'll find it in the end ;).

> > > > > > AD- Hide quoted text -

> > > > - Show quoted text -- Hide quoted text -

> - Show quoted text -

> Thanks to all. Finally I was able to get rid of all my spaces. As many
> of you expected, there were many leading and trailing spaces in my
> code and once I removed all of them, everything worked like a charm.
> The good news for other is that I wrote a small script that will
> identify any trailing or leading spaces or new line in your PHP code
> and will inform you about that file. Below is the script that does
> this. Just provide the source location ($sourcepath) of your cakephp
> application and it will recursively go through each file, checking if
> there is any leading or trailing blank spaces.

> <?php
> /***********************
> *@author: Ritesh Agrawal
> *@description: Identifies php files that contain leading or trailing
> spaces before or after PHP opening or closings tags
> ***********************/
> //Set Source Path
> $sourcepath = "D:/xampp/xampp/htdocs/memento";

> //Regex Express to test leading and trailing spaces
> define("PRE", "#^[\n\r|\n\r|\n|\r|\s]+<\?php#");
> define("POST", "#\?>[\n\r|\n\r|\n|\r|\s]+$#");

> //Clear the file Status Cache
> clearstatcache();

> //============ Code borrowed from php.net ===============
> // Replace \ by / and remove the final / if any
> $root = ereg_replace( "/$", "", ereg_replace( "[\\]", "/",
> $sourcepath ));
> // Touch all the files from the $root directory
> if( false === m_walk_dir( $root, "check", true )) {
>     echo "'{$root}' is not a valid directory\n";

> }

> // Walk a directory recursivelly, and apply a callback on each file
> function m_walk_dir( $root, $callback, $recursive = true ) {
>     $dh = @opendir( $root );
>     if( false === $dh ) {
>         return false;
>     }
>     while( $file = readdir( $dh )) {
>         if( "." == $file || ".." == $file ){
>             continue;
>         }
>         call_user_func( $callback, "{$root}/{$file}" );
>         if( false !== $recursive && is_dir( "{$root}/{$file}" )) {
>             m_walk_dir( "{$root}/{$file}", $callback, $recursive );
>         }
>     }
>     closedir( $dh );
>     return true;}

> //============== end ======================

> //If file, checks whether there is any leading spaces before opening
> PHP tag or
> // trailing spaces after closing PHP tag
> function check( $path ) {

>     if( !is_dir( $path )) {
>         $fh = file_get_contents($path);
>          if(preg_match(PRE, $fh))
>                echo $path. " -- contains leading spaces \n";
>          if(preg_match(POST, $fh))
>                echo $path . " -- contains trailing spaces \n";
>     }

> }

> ?>

> On Nov 6, 6:21 pm, francky06l <franckl...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > BOMS, mean UTF-8 without BOM (byte order marker), this used under
> > windows to mark UTF-8 files (also UCS-2 etc...). Use an hexadecimal
> > editor and you will notice the 3 bytes marking the UTF-8 at the
> > beginning ..
> > Do not know if it's your problem, but quite classical under windows.
> > You can editor such as Notepad++ to check you file in hexa.
> > Hope this helps

> > On Nov 7, 12:14 am, seacloud9 <brendonsm...@seacloud9.org> wrote:

> > > I don't know in eclipse my guess is it would be associated with your
> > > overall preferences listed under encoding (google that) but you most
> > > likely have space before and after your "<?php" .... "?>"  but do
> > > check your model view controllers all of them.  It is a drag and it
> > > did take me several days to do this myself but it was worth it.

> > > On Nov 6, 3:52 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > hi Seacloud9

> > > > I am not sure if I understand what do you mean by UTF-8 "BOMS". How
> > > > can verify that. I am using eclipse as my PHP Editor.

> > > > Regards,
> > > > Ritesh

> > > > On Nov 6, 4:00 pm, seacloud9 <brendonsm...@seacloud9.org> wrote:

> > > > > I have had this exact same problem it can hold you up for days..

> > > > > Make sure you are using UTF-8 "BOMS".

> > > > > Make sure tags in Model, Controller, and Views "<?
> > > > > php"............................ "?>"
> > > > > Have no spaces after or before them NONE.  I found one in the cake
> > > > > folder in the app model.  You have six spaces this is literally the
> > > > > cause of your frustrations.  You should check every model, view, and
> > > > > controller..  It does suck but it is what is causing your problem.

> > > > > On Nov 6, 1:54 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > > hi AD7six,

> > > > > > I tried putting header in default layout for RSS, but didn't work. I
> > > > > > didn't recieve that output buffer already started at XYZ. The only
> > > > > > error that I am getting is "Invalid XML Declaration -  Line: 1
> > > > > > Character: 6". I also tried putting header command in controller
> > > > > > class, but that also didn't work. :-(

> > > > > > //views/layouts/rss/default.ctp
> > > > > > <?php echo header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); ?>
> > > > > > <?php
> > > > > > echo $rss->header();
> > > > > > echo '<channel>';
> > > > > > echo '<link>', Router::url('/', true), '</link>';
> > > > > > echo '<language>en-us</language>';
> > > > > > echo '<pubDate>', date("D, j M Y H:i:s", gmmktime()) . ' GMT', '</
> > > > > > pubDate>';
> > > > > > echo '<generator>Memento</generator>';
> > > > > > echo '<managingEditor>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</managingEditor>';
> > > > > > echo '<webMaster>ritesh.meme...@gmail.com</webMaster>';
> > > > > > echo '<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>';
> > > > > > echo $content_for_layout;
> > > > > > echo '</channel>';
> > > > > > ?>

> > > > > > This is frustrating :-(
> > > > > > isn't there any magic command that will automatically remove all the
> > > > > > trailing and leading spaces ?

> > > > > > Regards,
> > > > > > Ritesh

> > > > > > On Nov 6, 10:07 am, AD7six <andydawso...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > > > On Nov 6, 2:01 pm, bingo <ragra...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > > > > > > > hi all,

> > > > > > > > I tried what Jon suggested. But still getting space before my xml
> > > > > > > > declaration :-( ...this is killing me...isn't there a good way to
> > > > > > > > debug this problem. Searching on the forum, I have realized that many
> > > > > > > > people struggle with this.

> > > > > > > "you could try issuing a header as the first line of your layout and
> > > > > > > see where it complains output already
> > > > > > > started. "

> > > > > > > there are many threads because it's a common problem (or a common
> > > > > > > mistake).

> > > > > > > You'll find it in the end ;).

> > > > > > > AD- Hide quoted text -

> > > > > - Show quoted text -- Hide quoted text -

> > - Show quoted text -- Hide quoted text -

> - Show quoted text -

> or you can ready my blog :)
> http://ragrawal.wordpress.com/2007/11/07/script-for-removing-blank-sp...

> > or you can ready my blog :)
> >http://ragrawal.wordpress.com/2007/11/07/script-for-removing-blank-sp...

> So as a side note this would also be useful for all the people that
> have problems with jpGraph, imagemagik, using gd to make images and
> such as these issues can trip you up there as well

> Sam D

> --
> (the old fart) the advice is free, the lack of crankiness will cost you

> - its a fine line between a real question and an idiot

> http://blog.samdevore.com/archives/2007/03/05/when-open-source-bugs-me/

> oh Cool, I didn't knew that :-p.

> Regards,
> Ritesh

> On Nov 7, 5:26 am, RichardAtHome <richardath...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > Another useful tip to cut down on these kind of errors in future is:
> > The closing php tag '?>' is optional so if you omit it you will never
> > have any unwanted trailing spaces ;-)