[cai-asia] Clean Energy News Vol. 9, Number 44, December 9, 2009

[Clean Energy Nepal]

 

Clean Energy News Vol. 9, Number 44, December 9, 2009 CE News is a free weekly e-mail publications that features news, information and events related clean energy, clean air and climate change. CE News is published by Clean Energy Nepal and Clean Air Network Nepal. For more information on our campaign please visit www.cen.org.np and www.cleanairnet.org To contribute articles, news items, or event announcements for the next issue, send an email with the complete details and URL source to cen...@cen.org.np Clean Energy Nepal (CEN) is an independent, not-for-profit organization working in the field of Energy and Environment. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Clean Air Network Nepal (CANN) is country network of Clean Air Initiatives for Asian Cities (CAI-Asia Center), a regional network working for clean air in Asia.

Headlines

• ‘Stop Melting Life’ Campaign Begins • Historic Everest Meet Concludes • Jumla Is Free From Power Cuts • Apa, Dawa Awarded As 'Leaders For A Living Planet' • Nepalese Youths Pray For Success Of Copenhagen Meet  • Inverters, Cfl Bulbs In High Demand In Valley • Students Alternative Energy Feat • Climate Change Focus At Film-Fest • Obama To Attend Climax Of Copenhagen Climate Talks • International Effort To Drain Dangerous Bhutan Lake     • Sherpas Share Climate Change Stories In Europe • Global Warming Threatens Food Supply: Vietnam • World Leaders Give A Miss To Plight Of Himalayas • Link Of The Week • Did You Know? • Media Watch • QUIZ Of The Week #  417 • Answer Of Quiz Of The Week # 416

Local News

‘Stop Melting Life’ Campaign Begins To create awareness of the impact of climate change on the poorest and most vulnerable communities in the country, the Climate Change Network Nepal (CCNN) and Nepalese Youth for Climate Action (NYCA) organised a programme on Saturday, to reveal how the glacier melt in the Himalayas would impact billions of people living in the region.   The campaign, which had the slogan ‘Stop Melting Life, Save the Himalayas’, kicked off in Basantapur, where hundreds of youth representatives wrote individual messages to three major leaders – Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal, US President Barack Obama, and Danish Prime Minister Lars Rasmussen – to draw attention on the issue during the Copenhagen Climate Summit in Denmark which has been scheduled for Dec. 7-18.   Basanta Abiral, a NYCA member stated, “The best messages written to the leaders will be presented at a meeting during the Copenhagen summit and will draw attention to the burning issue of glacial lake outbursts floods (GLOFs) that are caused by glacial melting.  The world leaders are gathering at Copenhagen for CoP 15, the most awaited global gathering on climate change, to reach a global consensus to halt climate change. Experts have stated that world leaders must reach a deal which puts the poorest and most vulnerable communities at its centre. Around 40 youths from Nepal are taking part in the Copenhagen Summit, where they will meet with different world leaders and raise their voice on climate change impacts visible in their country and region. “The campaign is intended to raise the profile of an issue affecting our country and take the voices of some of the world’s poorest and most vulnerable populations to a global platform with the aim of achieving a sustainable deal which benefits poor countries.” said the organisers.   Source: www.ekantipur.com   Nov 28, 2009   Historic Everest Meet Concludes By Ramesh Prasad Bhusal / THT The historic cabinet meeting at Kala Patthar, in the foothills of Mt. Everest at a height of 18,192 feet above sea level concluded successfully. The meeting which was organised in a bid to draw national and international attention to climate change was attended by Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal and 23 ministers. Though the meeting was expected to run for around 20 minutes from 8:30 am, it was extended to nearly an hour owing to the favorable weather. Addressing the historic meet, the PM said that the issues regarding climate change were not restricted only to the mountainous nations but was relevant to the whole world. He sought initiatives from the nations which produce large amounts of carbon emissions to address the issues regarding climate change at the earliest. The cabinet decided to extend the territories of Api-Nampa conservation area in Darchula, Gauri Shankar conservation area in Ramechhap and Dolakha and Bardiya National Park. The cabinet also added Banke National Park as a new national park.   The cabinet also organised a press conference about the decisions taken by the historic cabinet meeting. Speaking at the press meet the PM unveiled a ten point ‘Everest Declaration’ which states that Nepal is ready to collaborate with all the countries to preserve the Himalayan regions. The PM thanked everyone for making the meet a resounding success. The members of the Sherpa community also performed their traditional dance during the press meet. Today’s historic meeting also set the agenda for the upcoming Copenhagen summit in Denmark which will be attended by a team led by the Prime Minister. A team of around 110 comprising the 24 Nepali ministers, journalists both national and international, health and technical teams arrived in Lukla on Thursday, a day prior to the historic meet to adjust to the ‘high altitude’ weather which requires at least six hours for the human body to adapt to. Though the meeting was expected to be attended by all the cabinet ministers, three ministers--Bidhya Devi Bhandari, Minister for Defence, Rajendra Mahato, Minister for Commerce and Supplies and Indra Prasad Dhungel, State Minister for Science and Technology, failed to accompany the team. Bhandari and Dhungel pulled out owing to health reasons while Mahato is abroad to attend a WTO ministerial meeting. Source: http://thehimalayantimes.com  Dec 03, 2009     Jumla Is Free From Power Cuts     By Kalendra Sejuwal  In what would be a big surprise to most of the households throughout the nation, residents of Jumla do not have to bother about power cuts in the winter. It is not because of enough electricity is generated in Jumla, as power generation in Jumla far below the demand, but the consumers have wisely utilized the available power.   Some 25 years ago, 169 kw Chandannath Micro-hydro Project was started with the aim to benefit 500 households. But the project is benefitting 3,000 households now while power generation has gone down to 130 kw. Yet, the district stands as a power-cut free zone, thanks to discretion of local consumers.   Jumla brought about this enigmatic innovation in energy efficiency after local consumers took responsibility of the project last year. President of the Project Consumers Committee (PCC) Bishnu Bahadur Budthapa said the key to success was finding out the ways to efficiently using the available electricity.   PCC has banned using high power consuming appliances like rice cooker, heater and bulbs and enforced a rule of fining Rs 500 in case of violation.  PCC has also banned operating press and machines for an hour between 5 to 6 pm in the evening. As a result, operation of local industries is not interrupted in daytime. To motivate the consumers toward efficient usage of electricity, PCC last year had bought CFL bulbs in bulk worth Rs 1 million which included an aid of Rs 400,000 from District Development Committee. Consumers now buy CFL bulbs themselves. Wise ways of using electricity has lit Jumla round the clock and at the same time generated a profit of Rs 5 million for the project over a year. Before taking over operation of the project, locals had faced a day´s power cut every three days.  Source: http://myrepublica.com/portal Nov 24, 2009     Apa, Dawa Awarded as 'Leaders for a Living Planet Nineteen-times Everest climber Apa Sherpa along with Dawa Steven Sherpa received the WWF´s most prestigious "Leaders for a Living Planet" award amidst a ceremony held at Gland, the WWF Secretariat in Switzerland, Wednesday. WWF International Director General Jim Leape felicitated the two Climate-for-Life Ambassadors with the highest honor given to an individual by WWF, the global conservation organization. With the recognition, the duo became the first Nepali citizens to be bestowed with the honor. The same award has been given in the past to the Hungarian and Croatian prime ministers in recognition of their governments´ commitment to establish the largest river-protected area in the world between the two countries. It was also awarded to the Paraguay government for introducing its Zero Deforestation Law. A press release issued by WWF-Geneva quoted Leape as saying, "Apa and Dawa represent real people from the real world. Their experiences are not based on somebody else´s data or research; they have witnessed with their own eyes the melting Himalayas.   Their examples make us realize that Climate Change is not just a term, rather it will have very real and very severe impacts on the lives of billions of people in the world." WWF said that the award was given to Apa in recognition of his taking up “the role of a true global citizen by drawing the attention of world leaders to the impacts of climate change” being felt by the people of the Himalayas and the need for urgent action. Dawa received the award for his “dynamic leadership and personal drive in helping people throughout the world to realize the perils faced by the people of the Himalayas as a result of climate change.” Apa and Dawa are in Geneva to raise awareness about Climate Change in the Himalayas as a part of the European Expedition of the Climate-for-Life Campaign spearheaded by WWF Nepal. After Geneva they will be traveling through Chamonix, Vienna, Brussels and finally to Copenhagen for the United Nations COP-15 Climate Change Conference. Source: http://www.myrepublica.com  Dec 02, 2009    Nepalese Youths Pray For Success Of Copenhagen Meet   The most awaited global gathering "United Nation’s Framework Convention on Climate Change" was held on Monday at Copenhagen, Denmark where the leaders from across the world gathered to chalk out ways to make global consensus to halt the climate change which has put at high risk the poorest and most vulnerable communities of the world. For the successful conclusion of the Copenhagen summit on climate change, Climate Change Network Nepal and Nepalese Youth for Climate Action (NYCA) has organised a worship programme on Monday, at Basantapur in the presence of Hindu priests and Buddhists monks. At the programme, a Buddhist ritual of worshipping earth was held and the Swastik Mantras of Hindu religion was chanted to coincide with the start of the UN Summit on Climate Change at Copenhagen. Pankaj KC, the Campaign co-ordinator as well as the President of Climate Change Network Nepal said that the worship was held in order to support the leaders and the representatives of the nation to raise the voice against the climate injustice being perpetrated against the developing countries including Nepal. Similarly, the balloons carrying the message to stop melting life and save the Himalayas were released on the air so that the voices of the affected people can reach to the ears of the world leaders, who can then take immediate and adequate actions to stop the climate change. Basanta Poudel of Nepalese Youth for Climate Action said that balloons symbolize the voices of the poorest and most vulnerable population in the global platform in order to achieve a sustainable deal in favour of these people. He added that the decision taken in the favor of the developing countries could give new direction and save their lives and livelihoods from the disastrous consequences of the climate change. Source: http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np  Dec 07, 2009   Inverters, CFL Bulbs In High Demand In Valley With the upcoming increase in the number of hours of power-cut, valley dwellers are busy preparing alternative sources of energy in order to cope. Thousands of Nepalis thronged the fifth Electro Tech Expo at Bhrikutimandap on Saturday to find out what alternative options were available to them.  Ramesh Sapkota, a Masters student at Tribhuvan University’s Central Department spent nearly half an hour finding a pocket friendly inverter for Rs. 11,000. “I visited at least five stalls to get an inverter,” said Sapkota. “It’s very important for a student like me to have one, because I need to manage my studies.” Not just inverters fascinated the students. Middle-aged Sanu Babu Maharjan of Mangalbazar was bargaining religiously. “I have no options but to figure out an alternative energy source during the power-cut,” said Maharjan, who is the father of three school level children. Most of the stalls selling CFL bulbs and inverters were filled with visitors and the shopkeepers were out of breathe dealing with customers. The five-day-long Electro Expo saw at least 100,000 visitors and Saturday, the last day of the expo, alone saw 30,000 visitors. According to the director of the Load Dispatch Centre under Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), Sher Singh Bhat, Kathmandu dwellers, who  are facing 16 hours of weekly power cut at present, will potentially face an increase to at least 12 hours of power cut a day in the near future. “There is a chance the number of hours will be even greater than that.” Bhat said. “CFL lights will help save electricity at this time.”   Valley dwellers had to bear a minimum of 16 hours of power-cut a day during the winter season last year.   Source: http://www.ekantipur.com  Dec 06, 2009     Students Alternative Energy Feat Come winter, dark days and darker nights are a recurring annual phenomenon. But there is a silver ray of hope amid the all-pervasive doom and gloom.     Three engineering students have installed an alternative energy project — a 1.5 KW wind power facility — at Country Kitchen Resort in Lakuri Bhanjyang, which is located on the fringes of the Kathmandu   Valley. Amrit Singh Thapa led the trio, ably assisted by Bishow Kumar Shrestha and Nirjwal Mukarung, who assembled all the spare parts.   “We used wood to make the pole of the turbine. While, we made do with local products for other appliances,” said Singh Thapa. At 45 feet, the wind turbine is the tallest alternative energy contraption in the nation.  Nirjwal Mukarung is grateful to green activist Dawa Steven Sherpa for making the funds available for the project. Mukarung explained that 1.5 KW was quite a handful for Country Kitchen Resort, which was chosen primarily as a test site.    “The capacity is good enough to light 80 bulbs of 20-watt each. There is constant flow of electricity in the area since the wind velocity is at a consistent 4.5m per second. The wind blades are 11 feet in diameter,” said the  enterprising student.  Singh Thapa is optimistic that the experiment was a pointer to the nation’s huge alternative energy potential, which could be successfully harnessed.    Will the policymakers take the young student’s suggestion seriously?  Well, that remains a big  question.  Source: http://www.thehimalayantimes.com  Dec 02, 2009     Climate Change Focus at Film-fest Nepal should play a meaningful leadership role to draw the attention of world leaders on the impacts of climate change despite being a country least responsible for global carbon emissions, experts said on Monday.   The seventh Kathmandu International Mountain Film Festival (KIMFF), slated to take place from Dec. 10 to 14, will focus on climate change this time. Forty-nine different films from 26 different countries including Nepal will be screened at this year’s edition of the festival. KIMFF will showcase films back to back at two venues: Rastriya Sabha Griha, and Nepal Tourism Board. The International Film Competition category this time will screen 19 films including Kesang Tsetan’s In Search of the Riyal, whereas eight films have been selected for Nepal Panorama, a platform for Nepali film directors. The festival will also showcase the top ten short films that won the Climate Change Film Competition in August. Ramyata Limbu, festival director, said, “Two workshops will be conducted by foreign professionals at the festival. An animation and installation art workshop will be conducted every day.” The tickets cost Rs. 30 each, and students can avail of a 50 percent discount. Source: http://www.ekantipur.com  Dec 03, 2009

International News

Obama to attend climax of Copenhagen climate talks  Agence France Presse US President Barack Obama has delivered a boost to UN climate talks in Copenhagen, agreeing to delay his visit until the end of the meeting, when the drive for a global warming pact will climax.   Obama had been due to fly into the talks on Wednesday, and then head on to Oslo to receive his Nobel peace prize, but progress before the summit and talks with fellow world leaders seem to have convinced him to change his plans. “The president believes that continued US leadership can be most productive through his participation at the end of the Copenhagen conference on December 18 rather than on December 9,” White House spokesman Robert Gibbs said on Friday.   Obama had been heavily criticised for saying he would only go into Copenhagen at the start of the talks, especially in the European media, and even by French President Nicolas Sarkozy. The White House also said on Friday that the United States was ready to pay a “fair share” of 10 billion dollars a year in climate aid to developing countries as part of a deal at the upcoming summit. Senator John Kerry has proposed that the United States pay up to three billion dollars a year for developing countries to cut emissions and cope with climate change to show Washington was serious about a Copenhagen deal. He claimed a large share of the credit for Obama following his recent trip to the world’s largest greenhouse gas polluter, China, and talks with Manmohan Singh, prime minister of another key developing nation, India. More than 100 heads of state or government have confirmed they will take part in top-level talks at the end of the conference which opens Monday and lasts until December 18, Danish government officials said Friday. Source: http://thehimalayantimes.com    International effort to drain dangerous Bhutan lake The first phase of an international project to reduce the risk to a Bhutan valley from the threat of a growing and increasingly unstable glacial lake is emphasizing the huge costs of climate change adaptation in the Himalayas, the WWF-Bhutan said Monday.  Thorthormi Tsho is a glacial lake perched precariously at 4428 meters above sea level in the remote Lunana area of northern Bhutan. Rated as one of Bhutan´s likeliest future catastrophes, a breach and outburst flood through Tsho´s unstable moraine walls would most likely spill into the also vulnerable Raphsthreng Tsho 80 meters below, with the combined flood suddenly releasing up to 53 million cubic meters of water and debris into the upper catchment of the Po Chu river.  WWF said that the prospect of such an outbreak is “frightening”. The release added that for Bhutan, outflow from Thorthormi Tsho include crop destruction and livestock losses over more than half of the fertile and economically critical Punakha and Wangdi valleys, loss of a vital bridge and roads, and damage to hydropower facilities under construction. Punakha Dzong, a 14th century royal palace and religious centre, would be among 16 historic monuments at risk.    It further said that the new lake has nearly tripled in size since 2001 while the moraine dam holding it has halved its height at the apex over roughly the same period.  Bhutan government, which is monitoring the growth of the glacier under Japanese assistance, has sought assistance to reduce the dangers posed by Lake Thorthormi by artificially draining its waters.   A large effort by the government, communities and WWF, supported by the Global Environment Facility, the United Nations Development Program and the Austrian Coordination Bureau this year succeeded in lowering the lake level by 86 cm, in the first phase of a project intended to artificially lower the water level at Thorthormi Lake by 5 metres in 3 years, the release added.    Source: http://myrepublica.com  Dec 07, 2009   Sherpas Share Climate Change Stories In Europe   With 10 days remaining for the opening of the Copenhagen Climate Summit, Climate for Life Campaign Ambassadors, Appa Sherpa and Dawa Steven Sherpa along with other eight Climate Witnesses from around the world, shared their expedition experiences with international press on Saturday, the WWF-Italy said in a statement on Sunday.   They were in Viterbo, Italy for a Greenaccord event to enable journalists to share information and learn from experts about climate change. The statement quoted the 19-times Everest summitteer Appa, as saying, “The changes in weather patterns are drastic. It didn´t snow at all during December, January and February, when it should snow heavily, and it finally snowed massively in May, when usually it´s dry.” He further added, “For the first time in my life, during the Eco Everest Expedition 2009, I saw running water around Camp 4 and near the summit of Mt. Everest.” In Kericho, Kenya, Christmas always used to be celebrated in heavy rain. “Today, Christmas is usually dry,” the statement quoted Nelly Damaris Chepkoskei as telling the media. Chepkoskei is a 53 year old Kenyan farmer working extensively with the women of her community.  Many of the climate witnesses now telling their stories at Viterbo are traveling on to Copenhagen, hoping that the Heads of State would look at the human costs of not concluding a binding legal agreement to limit emissions and assist developing nations in particular to adapt to climate change impacts, the statement further said.   WWF-Nepal said on Sunday that the Climate Witnesses are already active in their lives and with their communities taking action to deal with climate change impacts and towards reducing carbon emissions. They are joining with WWF to call on world leaders to also take strong action on climate change and have the courage to sign a new global climate deal in Copenhagen. Appa and Dawa are in Viterbo as a part of the European Expedition of the Climate-for-Life Campaign spearheaded by WWF Nepal. After Rome they will be traveling through Geneva, Chamonix, Vienna, Brussels and finally to Copenhagen. Source: http://myrepublica.com  Nov 29, 2009    Influx Of World Leaders In Copenhagen   By Michael von Bülow The growing number of world leaders planning to attend next week’s UN climate conference in Copenhagen is boosting chances that a new global deal to fight climate change will be reached, host Denmark said on Tuesday according to Reuters. The number of leaders planning to attend the December 7-18 talks had risen to 98 out of the 192 members of the United Nations, Denmark said. After invitations were sent last month the first count was 65 heads of state and government. "It gives me a strong feeling that we are on the right track," Danish Prime Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen told a news conference. Many analysts see improved chances of healing deep rifts between rich and poor nations over how to fight global warming after leaders including US President Barack Obama and Chinese Premier Wen Jibao have said they would come to Copenhagen.   Obama plans to attend on December 9, the day before he is scheduled to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo. Most other leaders plan to come on December 17-18, pinning prestige on getting a deal done. Denmark has not issued a list of names. Source: http://en.cop15.dk  Dec 01, 2009   Global Warming Threatens Food Supply: Vietnam   AFP   Vietnam, the world's second-biggest rice exporter, said Wednesday it needs help to safeguard the world's food supply from the consequences of global warming.   "The rice bowl of Vietnam will be severely affected" without action, Nguyen Khac Hieu, deputy director general of the government's climate change agency, told reporters before key global climate talks next week in Copenhagen.   "It's not only for Vietnam's sake but also for the world's food safety," said Hieu, calling for help to enable the country to adapt.   He will be part of Vietnam's delegation at the December 7-18 conference tasked with framing a new deal for tackling global warming and its impact beyond 2012, when existing commitments under the Kyoto Protocol expire.   Vietnam is planning for a one-metre (3.3 feet) rise in sea levels by 2100, which would inundate about 31,000 square kilometres (12,400 square miles) of land -- an area about the size of Belgium -- unless dykes and drainage systems are strengthened, says a United Nations discussion paper on climate change in Vietnam, presented at a meeting on Wednesday.   Many billions of dollars will be needed for Vietnam to address sea level rise and other climate change effects, the paper said, adding that the funding cannot only come from aid.   Mobilising funds to help developing countries shore up defences against climate change, and to switch to an economy with low emissions of damaging greenhouse gases, will be one of the key issues in Copenhagen.   Source http://www.thehimalayantimes.com   Dec 02, 2009   World Leaders Give A Miss To Plight Of Himalayas    The two-week long Climate Change conference kicked off on Monday in Copenhagen, Denmark with the world leaders seemingly raising less hope for the plight of Himalayan glaciers.   Nepal in the 15th Climate Change conference in Copenhagen (CoP-15) is strongly urging the world leaders for immediate action to save the Himalayas which are melting at an alarming rate due to global warming and climate change.   According to a recent study by the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), the Himalayan glaciers are melting at a rate of 0.74 metres annually, posing serious threats of Glacial Lakes Outburst Floods (GLOFs).   “Even as the world leaders are negotiating on impacts of climate change and global warming and future of the Kyoto Protocol, Nepal’s voice is going unheard,” said Uday Raj Sharma, secretary at the Ministry of Environment and one of the government negotiators in CoP-15.   With the increase in global temperature around 0.74 degree Celsius, as stated by the Intergovernmental Panel Of Climate Change (ICPC), while Himalayan glaciers are melting rapidly, the Maldives islands, several other island states and low-lying coastal nations like Bangladesh are in the shadows of danger.   “But Himalayas are not getting as much attention as others are,” said Sharma. “Even, during the inauguration, ICPC Chairman Dr. Rajendra Pachauri gave a miss to the issues of the Himalayas in his important plenary session.”   The fourth assessment report of IPCC has talked about the possible disappearance of sea ice by the latter part of the 21st century and possible elimination of the Greenland ice sheet. However, there is no mention of the Himalayas, which feed around 1.3 billion people.   During the inauguration ceremony, Prime Minister of Denmark, Lars Lokke Rasmussen, expressed hope that the world leaders would come up with a strong climate change deal. “We hope that the world leaders, after two-week long negotiations, come up with a deal that will raise hope for a better future,” said Rasmussen. Meanwhile, as a part of the government plans to organise Summiteers’ Summit on Dec.11 to celebrate the International Mountain Day, preparations here are in full swing. The programme is being organised to draw the international communities’ attention to save the Himalayas.   “It is high time the world leaders responded to save our Himalayas,” said Vijay Kant Karna, Nepal’s Ambassador to Denmark.   Source http://www.ekantipur.com  Dec 07, 2009

Link of the Week

Blogging from Copenhagen (COP 15) Please visit: http://www.climatenepal.wordpress.com

Did you Know ?

While Mexico was already known to host the next conference of the parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP16) in December 2010, the host for the 2011 conference has now been found. According to AFP, citing Danish minister Connie Hedegaard, host of the ongoing COP15, as source, South Africa will host COP17. Ms. Hedegaard also said that COP18 will be held in Asia.

Stop Melting Life... Save the Himalayas!! (Update)

Mountain Action inside Bella center (COP 15), Copenhagen in 11th December "International Moutain Day" Youth Cabinet Meet  held at Basantapur Base Camp on 11th December Music for Climate on 12th December "Global Day of Action on Climate Change" on Basantapur Puja Program to mark the opening of COP 15 held successfully on 7th Dec on Basantapur

QUIZ of the Week # 417

All 27 members of the European Union agreed on the figure after two days of difficult talks at a summit in Brussels. EU leaders say they have agreed to commit …………………………….. billion euro  a year until 2012 to help poorer countries combat global warming. EU leaders also agreed to reduce their emissions by 30 percent of 1990 levels. a) 2.4 b) 2.5 c) 2.9 d) 3.0 While sending your answer please mention “Quiz of the week#” in the subject line and please send your answer in cen...@cen.org.np One lucky winner will get a T-shirt with an Environmental Message from Clean Energy Nepal. CEN would like to thank European Commission and WWF Nepal for sponsoring the T-Shirt. Please note that, we will not be able to send prize to the winners outside Kathmandu valley. However, we still encourage all participants to send in their answer. Best of luck!!!

Answer of Quiz of the week # 416

Being carbon neutral is increasingly seen as good corporate or state social responsibility and a growing list of corporations, cities and states are announcing dates for when they intend to become fully neutral. Costa Rica, Iceland, Maldives, New Zealand,  Norway,  Tuvalu have pledged carbon neutrality - a reduction of emissions to zero. The Central American nation of Costa Rica aims to be fully carbon neutral before ....................... AD.  c) 2030 Nesamani K S Indra Kumari Manandhar Heerakaji Maharjan Krishna Sharma Raju Jati Nirmala Rajaure Nawa Raj Dhakal Keshab Raj Joshi

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