Many US TB patients also HIV/AIDS infected - report
Pastor Dale Morgan
*Many US TB patients also HIV/AIDS infected - report*
25 Oct 2007 21:19:21 GMT
Source: Reuters
WASHINGTON, Oct 25 (Reuters) - Nearly a third of U.S. tuberculosis
patients do not know whether they are infected with the AIDS virus,
showing more needs to be done to get these people tested for HIV, a
federal report said on Thursday.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a report
that details the link between TB and HIV in the United States.
Worldwide, TB is the leading cause of death among people infected with HIV.
Nine percent of all people with active TB in the United States tested
positive for human immunodeficiency virus infection in 2005. But HIV
infection status remained unknown in 31 percent of TB patients because
they refused testing or were not offered a test, the CDC report said.
"HIV increases TB progression and TB increases HIV progression. And they
result in a synergy that can be deadly," CDC epidemiologist Suzanne
Marks, one of the authors of the report, said in a telephone interview.
Nearly two-thirds of those with HIV infection and TB are black,
according to the report, which used data from every state except California.
The CDC calls for routine HIV testing of all TB patients. People with
both TB and HIV are five times more likely to die during treatment for
TB than patients who are not HIV infected, the agency said.
The unknown HIV status of U.S. TB patients in 2005 was far lower than in
the early 1990s, the CDC said. In 1993, the HIV status of some 65
percent of U.S. TB patients was unknown.
"Increased promotion of routine HIV testing and rapid HIV tests might
increase acceptability of testing, which would allow health-care
providers to know the HIV status of a greater percentage of TB patients
and enable them to provide optimal care," the CDC report said.
One in six black TB patients was HIV positive, compared to one in 20
HIV-infected white TB patients, the report said.
"High rates of both HIV infection and TB disease among non-Hispanic
blacks emphasize the need in this population to prevent, diagnose early
and provide access to care for both conditions," the CDC report said.
TB is caused by bacteria that typically attack the lungs. It is spread
through the air when a person with active TB of the lungs or throat
coughs or sneezes.
The CDC previously reported that 13,779 TB cases were reported in the
United States in 2006, a 3 percent decline from 2005. Of the 2006 cases,
57 percent involved foreign-born people.
There were 646 U.S. deaths from TB in 2005, the CDC said.