<
hannahf...@gmail.com> wrote
> Tell that to Metrolink and the dozens of other commuter railroads that can
> manage to
> do the job for less. BART is incompetent. If they can change, they need to
> be replaced.
Understand that didn't like BART's unique design because it was expensive.
I thought that Bechtel was a crooked company that was trying to push faulty
designs on an unsuspecting public.
BUT THEN I spend an afternoon in the Prelinger Library in SF, where Rick
Prelinger has amassed a huge collection of BART ephemera, including
everything from early brochures to push bond issues to actual resumes of
engineers hired to design the BART system.
You young'uns have to realize these things:
(1) Train travel was considered antiquated in the 1950s when BART was
proposed, and considered off the table for any serious discussion by the
early 1960s. By then rail travel had dropped so low that passenger service
was being curtailed or abandoned. Remember that by the late 50s interurban
rail and city street car lines had been torn up. Yeah, there was a
conspiracy ("Roger Rabbit"), but even so, cities all across the USA had
really old rail cars that needed to be replaced at a time when people had
turned to automobile travel. RAIL WASN'T COOL and it wasn't going to get
funding.
(2) It was clear from the 1940s on that commute travel would become gridlock
by the 1960s. This is why the Southern Crossing from Candlestick to
Alameda/San Leandro was proposed. But voters voted it down.
(3) The 1960s was also a time when people began fighting back against the
freeways, led by people like Zoanne Nordstrom (who still lives in Glen Park,
a delightful lady...) with the help of then mayor Joseph Alioto. The plan
had been to criss-cross SF with freeways, including a double-decker between
the Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate bridge, totally obscuring any views along
the waterfront. The Embarcadero freeway removed after the 1989 quake was
just a small piece of tha freeway, blocked before they were able to finish
it.
(4) So, that to do? Studies showed that congestion was going to get
horrible. There was already rail on the Bay Bridge (until 1958) but there
simply wasn't enough capacity to use it for a new rail system. Instead, the
state decided to increase capacity and reduce car accidents by turning the
decks into one-ways and eliminating the dedicated (and wasteful) track
right-of-way on the bridge.
(5) Now, where to put a rail system? It would HAVE to be undergrounded and
under-bayed. There was no alternative. BART needed to move as many people
under the bay as the Bay Bridge would be attempting to move on top of the
bay. BART was going to have to become a HUGE undertaking.
(6) Bechtel originally wanted 5 counties to participate, but Marin and San
Mateo balked because the residents hated having to "associate" with people
in San Francisco and Oakland. They'd drive in and out, but hell, they
didn't want to have to ride a train with THOSE people. Seriously. So, the
boards of supervisors of San Mateo and Marin counties followed their
constituents and voted down inclusion into the BART system.
(7) This left the BARTD board in a mess. They needed LOTS of property tax
money to build BART, but with only 3 counties participating, they had to
pass a HUGE bond issue ($750 million, the largest bond issue ever attempted
in American history), AND they had to scale back the design to fit their new
reduced budget.
(8) This required BART to be sold as a unique airline-type form of travel,
not as rail travel. People didn't like rail anymore, remember? So, BART
cars were designed by Rohr Corporation, an aerospace company, not a train
company. The cars looked UNLIKE anything that had ever been designed for a
railroad. AND NO OVERHEAD WIRES!
(9) There was a mandate that BART wasn't to be referred to as a train. The
"next BART" would arrive in 10 minutes. Photos of BART cars were always
taken in the early days so that people didn't see the wheels. The BARTD
board wanted people to think Monorail, not railroad. Remember that in the
1960s jet-set Monorail was the in thing for ground transporation.
(10) Remember the counties not wanting to be a part of any BART that
included SF and Oakland? So strong was the opposition that the West Oakland
BART station was originally named "Oakland West" to avoid the crime stigma
of West Oakland. BART still refers to that station internally as "OW" not
as "WO".
So, there you have it. While we may all disagree with BART's gauge, its
design, its expensive right-of-ways, its 3rd rail system, etc., it's very
likely that the BARTD board's acceptance of the Bechtel suggestions may have
been the only way BART could have been built in the political climate of the
early 1960s.
Seriously.