SKIN Dorklizations & Political GAMEs & Being WHITE in the WORLD? --TyRP1 mutation ->P450 ? -- Politicow Intrigue -- 60 minutes -- DRD4 7R allele --Nora Volkow -- Sugar - Germ GANGS -> Byron Richards ---

[randall]

hi


#1

I don't apologize for being WhITE & or a FLAKE... LoL

Even though Stalin and Abimael Guzmán are both psoriatic....


OK..

Since we NOW KNOW psors2 (card14) is a mutated gene and causes 80% of
psoriasis let's find
more along this line?


OK... how about hair color and TYRP1 mutation?

What?

It's so white and white northern latitude dudes get almost 3% and
Chinese Hans are more like 2% of psoriasis folks iirc.

So?

Hair color is salient, right?

White sugar otoh hand is wrong, right?

For another thread, soon? So don't thread on me!


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22556244
Science. 2012 May 4;336(6081):554.
Melanesian blond hair is caused by an amino acid change in TYRP1.

Kenny EE, Timpson NJ, Sikora M, Yee MC, Moreno-Estrada A, Eng C,
Huntsman S, Burchard EG, Stoneking M, Bustamante CD, Myles S.

Source
Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Abstract
Naturally blond hair is rare in humans and found almost exclusively in
Europe and Oceania. Here, we identify an arginine-to-cysteine change
at a highly conserved residue in tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
as a major determinant of blond hair in Solomon Islanders. This
missense mutation is predicted to affect catalytic activity of TYRP1
and causes blond hair through a recessive mode of inheritance. The
mutation is at a frequency of 26% in the Solomon Islands, is absent
outside of Oceania, represents a strong common genetic effect on a
complex human phenotype, and highlights the importance of examining
genetic associations worldwide.

PMID: 22556244



This kid looks kewl to me... i like his hair.

I wonder if he feels that way?

Does he get peer presssure for being a toehead?

Does a blonde towl head get pressure?


http://bodyodd.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/05/07/11581598-genetics-may-explain-mysterious-blond-solomon-islanders?lite
Genetics may explain mysterious blond Solomon Islanders

By Meghan Holohan

-----

http://m.static.newsvine.com/servista/imagesizer?file=melissa-dahl9BDAC40A-618F-4698-04DA-81B9A4E16627.jpg&width=380
When then-post-doctoral student Sean Myles visited the Solomon
Islands, he took this photo after noticing a large number of
indigenous children with naturally blond hair. A few years later this
photo sparked a study that identified the genetic cause of the
striking hair and skin color combination.

-----


When Sean Myles worked as post-doctoral student in Carlos Bustamante’s
lab, he showed Bustamante a photo of a Melanesian child with cocoa-
colored skin and bright blond hair, wearing a U.S. military jacket.

Like others, Bustamante,a professor of genetics at Stanford
University, initially believed the Melanesians’ blond hair came from
Europeans who visited the islands and paired with islanders. But
Myles, now an assistant professor at the Nova Scotia Agricultural
College, insisted it was something different. When Myles had visited
the Solomon Islands for another research project, he estimated that 5
to 10 percent of the children possessed light locks. So Bustamante and
Myles designed an experiment to understand the origin of the blond
Solomon Islanders.

“I think there was some debate that the scientific community was sort
of hypothesizing about,” says Eimear Kenny, a co-author and post-
doctoral scholar in Bustamante’s lab at Stanford.

Bustamante, Myles, and their colleagues discovered the Melanesians’
blond hair comes from a gene mutation specific only to them. The
variant is recessive, meaning that both a mother and father must carry
the gene for a child to inherit flaxen hair.

“It is interesting to have one gene that is associated with
pigmentation in a tropical population with blond hair,” says Rasmus
Nielsen, professor of integrative biology at the University of
California, Berkley, who is not part of this study. “There are lots of
different mutations that impact skin and hair color and in this case
there is one mutation that impacts it, which is quite unusual.”

In 2009, Myles collected 1,000 samples by traveling from village to
village on the Solomon Islands, working with local chiefs for
permission. The researchers first tested 100 samples to look for
genetic mutations and were shocked to find one gene contributed to the
blond hair—and this gene differed from what caused blondness in
Northern Europeans and their descendants.

The test of the remaining 1,000 samples yielded the same results. The
researchers noticed a signal on chromosome 9 and when they dug deeper,
they discovered that TYRP1, known for influencing pigmentation in mice
and humans, caused the blond hair.

“Pretty much everything about these results was surprising. This is
really not what we were expecting,” says Kenny. “We did not expect to
find a single gene.”

Generally, a number of genes contribute to skin or hair color, for
example. There could be anywhere from 10 to hundreds of genes
impacting whether a person is blond.

While this discovery might appear to answer a simple question, the
results have larger implications. Most genetic studies look at North
Americans or Europeans and researchers translate the results to
represent all people.

“[This impacts] how we think about the design of medical genetic
studies and the importance of broadening representations in medical
studies,” Bustamante says.

And Nielson believes that researchers will gain a better understanding
of the human genome by rethinking experiments.

“You can look at small isolated populations and find very interesting
genetic variants,” Nielson says.

The study was published Friday in Science.
<snip>

If Samoan Junior Seau had the gene for WHITE hair would he be alive
today?

I doubt it... maybe that gene and a leaky gut would have brought about
a leaky gene even sooner?

And whatever did Junior in would have manifest sooner or prevented his
greatness in the first place?


163 hits: tyrp1 + melanin + skin - ALL groups:
http://groups.google.com/groups/search?q=TYRP1+melanin+skin&btnG=Search&sitesearch=

#2 of 163 is ME of course: LOL
http://groups.google.com/group/alt.support.skin-diseases.psoriasis/browse_frm/thread/b574068d991470f4/2201b679f3119c90?q=TYRP1+melanin+skin#2201b679f3119c90


I'm #1 of 70 in this group:

70 hits for: TYRP1 melanin skin albino white - ALL groups.
http://groups.google.com/groups/search?q=TYRP1+melanin+skin+albino+white&btnG=Search&sitesearch=


And 26 : white + TYRP1 - pubmed
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=TYRP1%20white

Two blond and TYRP1 hits (the above and a cattle study from 2004)

And a TYRP1 and LATITUDE isn't an ODD idea is it?


noPe..


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22457636
PLoS Genet. 2012 Mar;8(3):e1002578. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002578.
Epub 2012 Mar 22.
Evidence for positive selection on a number of MicroRNA regulatory
interactions during recent human evolution.

Li J, Liu Y, Xin X, Kim TS, Cabeza EA, Ren J, Nielsen R, Wrana JL,
Zhang Z.

Source
Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, The Donnelly Centre,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene regulation is of critical functional
importance in animals and is thought to be largely constrained during
evolution. However, little is known regarding evolutionary changes of
the miRNA network and their role in human evolution. Here we show that
a number of miRNA binding sites display high levels of population
differentiation in humans and thus are likely targets of local
adaptation. In a subset we demonstrate that allelic differences
modulate miRNA regulation in mammalian cells, including an interaction
between miR-155 and TYRP1, an important melanosomal enzyme associated
with human pigmentary differences. We identify alternate alleles of
TYRP1 that induce or disrupt miR-155 regulation and demonstrate that
these alleles are selected with different modes among human
populations, causing a strong negative correlation between the
frequency of miR-155 regulation of TYRP1 in human populations and
their latitude of residence. We propose that local adaptation of
microRNA regulation acts as a rheostat to optimize TYRP1 expression in
response to differential UV radiation. Our findings illustrate the
evolutionary plasticity of the microRNA regulatory network in recent
human evolution.

PMID: 22457636
Free PMC Article
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22457636/?tool=pubmed


And ODDLY to me anyway, i don't get ONE hit for: TYRP1 + VDR.

Do get ONE hit for VITAMIN D + this gene:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16757656
Mol Biol Evol. 2006 Sep;23(9):1697-706. Epub 2006 Jun 6.
A scan for signatures of positive selection in candidate loci for skin
pigmentation in humans.

Izagirre N, García I, Junquera C, de la Rúa C, Alonso S.

Source
Department Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country,
Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.

Abstract
Although the combination of pale skin and intense sun exposure results
in an important health risk for the individual, it is less clear if at
the population level this risk has possessed an evolutionary meaning.
In this sense, a number of adaptive hypotheses have been put forward
to explain the evolution of human skin pigmentation, such as
photoprotection against sun-induced cancer, sexual selection, vitamin
D synthesis or photoprotection of photolabile compounds, among others.
It is expected that if skin pigmentation is adaptive, we might be able
to see the signature of positive selection on some of the genes
involved. In order to detect this signature, we analyze a battery of
81 candidate loci by means of phylogenetic and population genetic
tests. Our results indicate that both light and dark skin may possess
adaptive value. Of the main loci presenting this signature, TP53BP1
shows clear evidence of adaptive selection in Africans, whereas TYRP1
and SLC24A5 show evidence of adaptive selection in Caucasians.
Although we cannot offer a mechanism that based on these genes
explains the advantage of light skin, if TP53BP1, and perhaps RAD50,
have truly conferred an adaptive value to the African population
analyzed, photoprotection against sun-induced skin damage/cancer might
be proposed as a mechanism that has driven the evolution of human skin
pigmentation.

PMID: 16757656
Free full text
http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16757656

=================


Stalin was a psoriatic and is accused of killing Lenin who had artery
disease.

Did Lenin drop DEAD due to psoriatic STALIN or his CLOGGED ARTERIES?

Wow... a lot more on psoriatics with cardio events coming up shortly?
LOL

How ironic! Psor people get them and give them... <w>

Stalin DID... and that monkey in south america... shining path dork...
LOL

He's so shiny!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shining_Path

Psoriatic pigman er er er guzman

Abimael Guzmán
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n


OK... history and piss story of nit wit marxist socialists:

A Kolatalization of history no less:

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/08/health/research/lenins-death-remains-a-mystery-for-doctors.html
Lenin’s Stroke: Doctor Has a Theory (and a Suspect)

By GINA KOLATA
Published: May 7, 2012

-----------------

Lenin looks BAD in this jpg:
http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2012/05/08/health/research/08lenin.html
The Soviet leader Vladimir Ilyich Lenin on his death bed, in an
undated photo.


http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2012/05/08/health/research/08lenin2.html
Experts differ on the likely causes of the stroke that killed Lenin at
53.

-----------------

BALTIMORE — The patient founded a totalitarian state known for its
“merciless terror,” Dr. Victoria Giffi told a rapt audience of doctors
and medical students on Friday afternoon. He died suddenly at 6:50
p.m. on Jan. 21, 1924, a few months before his 54th birthday. The
cause of death: a massive stroke.

The man’s cerebral arteries, Dr. Giffi added, were “so calcified that
when tapped with tweezers they sounded like stone.”

The occasion was a so-called clinicopathological conference, a
mainstay of medical schools in which a mysterious medical case is
presented to an audience of doctors and medical students. In the end,
a pathologist solves the mystery with a diagnosis.

But this was a conference with a twist. The patient was long dead — he
was, in fact, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. The questions posed to the
conference speakers: Why did he have a fatal stroke at such a young
age? Was there something more to his death than history has
acknowledged?

At the University of Maryland, an clinicopathological conference
focused on historical figures has been an annual event for the past 19
years; attending doctors have reviewed the case records of Florence
Nightingale, Alexander the Great, Mozart, Beethoven and Edgar Allan
Poe. The pathologists’ conclusion that Poe died of rabies even became
a final question on the “Jeopardy!” game show.

Dr. Philip A. Mackowiak, vice chairman of the university’s school of
medicine and organizer of these conferences, said he later did a much
more comprehensive review of Poe’s medical records and concluded that
Poe’s doctor had embellished Poe’s medical history.

“Poe was a hopeless alcoholic,” Dr. Mackowiak said in a telephone
interview. “He almost certainly died of delirium tremens.”

On Friday, two experts were called upon to solve the mystery of
Lenin’s death: Dr. Harry Vinters, professor of neurology and
neuropathology at the University of California, Los Angeles, and Lev
Lurie, a Russian historian in St. Petersburg.

Dr. Vinters began by telling the audience some details of Lenin’s
medical and family history.

As a baby, Lenin had a head so large that he often fell over. He used
to bang his head on the floor, making his mother worry that he might
be mentally disabled.

As an adult, Lenin suffered diseases that were common at the time:
typhoid, toothaches, influenza and a painful skin infection called
erysipelas. He was under intense stress, of course, which led to
insomnia, migraines and abdominal pain.

At 38, he was shot twice in an assassination attempt. One bullet
lodged in his collarbone after puncturing his lung. Another got caught
in the base of his neck. Both bullets remained in place for the rest
of his life.

Lenin’s father died early, too, at 54. The cause of death was said to
be cerebral hemorrhage, but Lenin’s father had an illness at the time
of his death that may have been typhoid fever.

Most of Lenin’s seven brothers and sisters died young, two in infancy.
A brother was executed at age 21 for plotting to assassinate Emperor
Alexander III, and another brother died of typhoid at 19. Of the three
who survived past young adulthood, a sister died of a stroke at age
71, another sister died of a heart attack at 59, and a brother died at
age 69 of “stenocardia,” an archaic medical term whose meaning is no
longer clear.

In the two years before he died, Lenin had three debilitating strokes.
Prominent European doctors were consulted and proposed a variety of
diagnoses: nervous exhaustion, chronic lead intoxication from the two
bullets lodged in his body, cerebral arteriosclerosis and
“endarteritis luetica.”

Dr. Vinters speculates that the last term referred to meningovascular
syphilis, inflammation of the walls of blood vessels mainly around the
brain, resulting in a thickening of the interior of the vessel. But
there was no evidence of this on autopsy, and Lenin’s syphilis test
was said to have been negative. He had been treated anyway with
injections of a solution containing arsenic, the prevailing syphilis
remedy.

Then, in his last hours and days of his life, Lenin experienced severe
seizures.

An autopsy revealed a near total obstruction of the arteries leading
to the brain, some of which were narrowed to tiny slits. But Lenin did
not have some of the traditional risk factors for strokes.

He did not have untreated high blood pressure — had that been his
problem, the left side of his heart would have been enlarged. He did
not smoke and would not tolerate smoking in his presence. He drank
only occasionally and exercised regularly. He did not have symptoms of
a brain infection, nor did he have a brain tumor.

So what brought on the stroke that killed Lenin?

The clues lie in Lenin’s family history, Dr. Vinters said. The three
siblings who survived beyond their 20s had evidence of cardiovascular
disease, and Lenin’s father died of a disease that was described as
being very much like Lenin’s. Dr. Vinters said Lenin might have
inherited a tendency to develop extremely high cholesterol, causing
the severe blockage of his blood vessels that led to his stroke.

Compounding that was the stress Lenin experienced, which can
precipitate a stroke in someone whose blood vessels are already
blocked.

But Lenin’s seizures in the hours and days before he died are a puzzle
and perhaps historically significant. Severe seizures, Dr. Vinters
said in an interview before the conference, are “quite unusual in a
stroke patient.”

But, he added, “almost any poison can cause seizures.”

Dr. Lurie concurred on Friday, telling the conference that poison was
in his opinion the most likely immediate cause of Lenin’s death. The
most likely perpetrator? Stalin, who saw Lenin as his main obstacle to
taking over the Soviet Union and wanted to get rid of him.

Communist Russia in the early 1920s, Dr. Lurie told the conference,
was a place of “Mafia-like intrigue.”

In 1921 Lenin started complaining that he was ill. From then until his
death in 1924, Lenin “began to feel worse and worse,” Dr. Lurie said.

“He complained that he couldn’t sleep and that he had terrible
headaches. He could not write, he did not want to work,” Dr. Lurie
said. He wrote to Alexei Maximovich Gorky, “I am so tired, I do not
want to do anything at all.”

But he nonetheless was planning a political attack on Stalin, Dr.
Lurie said. And Stalin, well aware of Lenin’s intentions, sent a top-
secret note to the Politburo in 1923 claiming that Lenin himself asked
to be put out of his misery.

The note said: “On Saturday, March 17th in the strictest secrecy
Comrade Krupskaya told me of ‘Vladimir Ilyich’s request to Stalin,’
namely that I, Stalin, should take the responsibility for finding and
administering to Lenin a dose of potassium cyanide. I felt it
impossible to refuse him, and declared: ‘I would like Vladimir Ilyich
to be reassured and to believe that when it is necessary I will
fulfill his demand without hesitation.’”

Stalin added that he just could not do it: “I do not have the strength
to carry out Ilyich’s request and I have to decline this mission,
however humane and necessary it might be, and I therefore report this
to the members of the Politburo.”

Dr. Lurie said Stalin might have poisoned Lenin despite this
assurance, as Stalin was “absolutely ruthless.”

Dr. Vinters believes that sky-high cholesterol leading to a stroke was
the main cause of Lenin’s death. But he said there is one other
puzzling aspect of the story. Although toxicology studies were done on
others in Russia, there was an order that no toxicology be done on
Lenin’s tissues.

So the mystery remains.

But if Lenin had lived today, or if today’s cholesterol-lowering drugs
had been available 100 years ago, might he have been spared those
strokes?

“Yes,” Dr. Vinters said. “Lenin could have gone on for another 20 or
25 years, assuming he wasn’t assassinated. History would have been
totally different.”
<snip>

Lenin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (Russian: Владимир Ильич Ленин​ (help·info); 22
April [O.S. 10 April] 1870 – 21 January 1924) was a Russian Marxist
revolutionary and communist politician who led the October Revolution
of 1917. As leader of the Bolsheviks, he headed the Soviet state
during its initial years (1917–1924), as it fought to establish
control of Russia in the Russian Civil War and worked to create a
socialist economic system.

As a politician, Lenin was a persuasive orator, as a political
scientist his extensive theoretic and philosophical developments of
Marxism produced Marxism–Leninism, the pragmatic Russian application
of Marxism.[1]

Trotsky
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotsky

-------------

Wow Trotsky grand daughter was in the NEWs on 60 minutes recently.

Is it deja vu or what?


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nora_Volkow
Nora Volkow (b. 27 March 1956) is director of the National Institute
on Drug Abuse (NIDA). She is the great-granddaughter of Russian
revolutionary leader and Head of the Fourth International, Leon
Trotsky. Her father was the son of Leon Trotsky’s elder daughter.[1]
Born in Mexico City, Volkow and her three sisters grew up in the house
where Trotsky was killed.[1] She attended the Modern American School,
then earned a medical degree from National University of Mexico before
going to New York University for psychiatric residency. She chose a
career in brain research after reading an article on the use of
positron emission tomography in studying brain function. She did
research at Brookhaven National Laboratory before becoming director of
NIDA in 2003.[1]
<snip>

Nora's research is ALL over DRD4 research... DUH.. those 60 minute
folks are so stupidly... LOL

[...] Research

She claims that her imaging studies of the brains of people addicted
to drugs have helped to clarify the mechanisms of drug addiction. She
also claims that they have also helped to change the public's view of
drug addiction, from that of a moral violation or character flaw to an
understanding that pathological changes to brain structure make it
very difficult for addicts to give up their addictions.[1] Volkow says
that she has shown that abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex of
addicts create a feeling of need or craving that addicts know is
irrational but cannot prevent. Prefrontal abnormalities also make it
difficult to override compulsions to take drugs by exercising
cognitive control. The main areas affected are the orbitofrontal
cortex, which maintains attention to goals, and the anterior cingulate
cortex, that mediates the capacity to monitor and select action plans.
Both areas receive stimulation from dopamine centers lower in the
brain. A steady influx of dopamine makes it difficult for addicts to
shift their attention away from the goal of attaining drugs. It also
fastens their attention to the motivational value of drugs, even
though these drugs have long stopped providing pleasure. It is now
understood that dopamine activation does not signal pleasure. Rather,
it signals the importance or relevance of sought-after goals. Addicts
have a hard time turning their attention —and their actions— away from
the goal of acquiring and consuming drugs. They are caught, she
claims, in a vicious circle of physical brain changes and the
psychological consequences of those changes, leading to further
changes.
<snip>

I see GENETICOW people!


HOLY COW, batcraP PSOR-man!

Right Robin, get the batCRAP mobile for hitting those genetiCOWs
spewing their idiocy acrost the plains of AmeriCANs.

60 minutes the other night ago was about some CIA guy and torture.

http://www.cbsnews.com/sections/60minutes/main3415.shtml

Evil American TORTURE was how cunning democrapulicklicious leslie stah
handled this JUAN.

Quest-ION: is leslie via her DRD4 7R genetics addicted to being a
mediot?

Really?

YES, really... listen to her and tell me she isn't an arrogant SNOT.

She can't help it either, it goes with her ADDICTION to prove, what?
LOL

Jose is doing his job and her job is outhouse politics.

No wonder obama's poles are droPPing in to the toilet.

EVEN Blue dog democrat's have left his politic.

Watch here:
http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=7406950n&tag=contentBody;storyMediaBox
http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504803_162-57423325-10391709/the-cia-torture-memo/?tag=cbsnewsMainColumnArea.1
april 29, 2012 6:53 PM

The CIA "torture memo"

Whether you approve of former CIA officer Jose Rodriguez or not,
there's no denying his confidence and his complete faith that what he
did was the right thing. And, whether you call them "enhanced
interrogation techniques" or torture, it's important to remember when
this all came about: in the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 terror
attacks on the United States.


Lesley Stahl's two-part piece on Rodriguez provides fascinating
insight into the mindset of a high-ranking CIA officer. At Overtime,
we wanted to explore in greater detail the specifics of the
interrogation methods that the CIA used on the suspected al Qaeda
detainees. Waterboarding had certainly been in the news when the
August 1, 2002 Justice Department memo first was released. But, what
about the nine other methods? We sat down with the producer of the
piece, Rich Bonin and his associate producer Kathy Liu to go over the
details, at once fascinating and a little macabre.

Watch the piece and tell us what you think. Is this torture? Do you
approve or disapprove of what the CIA was allowed to do? Did President
Obama do the right thing or not when he shut the program down
<snip>

watch here:
http://www.cbsnews.com/sections/60minutes/main3415.shtml


She sucks the BIGGEST American OBAMA (according to biden the other
day) STICK, of ALL time....

And her name isn't even Monica!


And then CBS had a trotsky grand daughter, NORA Volkow explpaining
dopamine and ADDIcTIoN.


Leslie outhouse, er er er stahl, seemes more like a trotsky grand
daughter


http://www.dietsinreview.com/diet_column/04/the-culprit-for-food-addiction-is-dopamine-says-dr-nora-volkow/
<full article below: ***>>>

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nora_Volkow


How does addiction really WORK, you don't WONDER? LOL


FAT people

Drug Addicted people


Liberal folks....



Watch 60 minutes: (use the top link dietsinreview also)

And Don't FIND out:

And then realize those with two copies of the DRD4 7R allele are
liberals.

And their ADDICTED to being liberal.... LOL

They get high, like leslie stahl with their perverted narrow minded
better then a COW attitude's.

Dopamine genetics and genetics should be called DORK a mind.

================

*** dietin reveiw article:

http://www.dietsinreview.com/diet_column/04/the-culprit-for-food-addiction-is-dopamine-says-dr-nora-volkow/
The Culprit for Food Addiction is Dopamine, Says Dr. Nora Volkow:

Last year we found, and republished, an interesting graphic that
pondered a curious question - which is worse, soda or marijuana? A
side-by-side comparison of the two pits the processed against the
natural, the legal versus the illegal. While we could debate the pros
and cons of each all day long, to the pleasure center of the brain,
they are one in the same.

A fascinating piece aired on CBS’ 60 Minutes tonight with the foremost
researcher on addiction, Dr. Nora Volkow, head of the National
Institute on Drug Abuse. In 2007, she was named by Time Magazine as
one “of the 100 men and women whose power, talent or moral example is
transforming the world.” Tonight’s Hooked: Why Bad Habits are Hard to
Break explained the chemistry behind addiction and showed that whether
it’s a hamburger or heroine, soda or marijuana, our brain sees them
exactly the same – as triggers for a rush of dopamine.

Morley Safer reported and described Dr. Volkow as the woman who has
“revolutionized how science and medicine view addiction: as a disease,
not a character defect.” She told him that the “Just Say No” campaign
is just “magic of thinking.”

“If it were that easy…there’d be no obesity,” or other physical signs
of addiction. In other words, addiction stems from deep within the
pleasure center of our brains, and all the willpower, support, and
motivation in the world can’t always turn it off.

Dr. Volkow called drug addiction a chronic disease, because the use of
drugs physically changes the brain, even once a habit has stopped.
“Dopamine so happens to be one of the main chemicals regulating
pleasure centers in the brain,” she said. “And as such, it’s therefore
the mechanism by which nature motivates our behavior.” Abuse of a
drug, alcohol, or even food can overstimulate to the point that it
takes more and more to reach that same sense of pleasure. You
eventually numb that center and “to generate a sense of pleasure, you
get to a point that you take not to feel good, but to feel normal.”

She explained that food and sex are things that are natural
necessities, we need them. And thanks to dopamine our species has
survived because we keep wanting more of those two things. However,
it’s starting to work against us, too. “Well, why do we have a problem
with obesity in our society?” asks Dr. Volkow, echoing a common
question. “My God, we’re surrounded by stimuli with which we’re
conditioned. If you like hamburgers you may see that McDonald’s yellow
arches and then dopamine goes inside your brain and you want it. And
you don’t know why you want it.”

While not necessities like food and sex, alcohol and drugs create the
exact same reaction. In studies on cocaine addicts, when shown a
nature image, there is no reaction. When they see a picture of someone
using cocaine, “there is a marked rise in dopamine.”

So these decisions to act on food, alcohol, drugs, or any other vice
of an addiction is a lot of times out of our hands completely. And it
makes research saying that food triggers similar reactions as cocaine
all the more clear, and our obesity epidemic all the more of a crisis.
Food is a lot easier to get our over-stimulated hands on.

This over-stimulation by dopamine is what causes addiction, and it’s
not just the hard drugs that we’ve all demonized as the perpetrators
of addiction. Cigarettes, marijuana, and as we’ve mentioned food, are
all just as guilty as alcohol, meth, cocaine, heroine, sex, and even
prescription pain killers. Orders for those are alarmingly high, with
210 million opiate medications sold last year; that’s enough for every
American adult to stay medicated 24 hours a day for an entire month.
But what about all that “Just Say No” talk? Well, we’re killing our
ability to do that with each hit we take, each rush we go after.

Dr. Volkow explained. “There are certain areas of the brain that are
directly implicated in our capacity to exert free will. The frontal
cortex is one of them: crucial, crucial. So if drugs damage the areas
of the brain that we need in order to exert free will then it’s like
driving a car without brakes. You don’t want to hit someone. But if
you don’t have brakes how do you stop the car?”

Dr. Volkow is a bit of an addict herself, or so says her father,
Esteban Volkow. “She’s been addicted since childhood to the pursuit of
science,” he told Safer. One of her three sisters noted they all have
a sense of “social consciousness.” She comes by it naturally,
considering her father was a chemist who helped create the birth
control pill, and her great grandfather was Russian revolutionary Leon
Trotsky.

Volkow feeds her rushes by running seven miles each day for a “healthy
dose of dopamine,” said Safer. As well, she continues research that
could help millions. “A cure would be fantastic,” she said. She and
her team are currently working on a vaccine to block drugs from
entering the brain, but notes progress is slow.

“If you don’t dare to think very ambitious things you’ll never be
there,” said Dr. Volkow.
<snip>


Same info from democratic undergroud. And morley and the democrapic
underground:

Just SAY NO...?

yep: [...] Nobody knows more about how we get hooked and why bad
habits are so hard to break. Dr. Volkow grew up in Mexico in a family
with a famous ancestor and a tragic history. She's made history
herself by challenging many of the old ideas about our addiction to
addiction.

Morley Safer: What do you make of that common phrase, "Just say no?"
<snip>


REALLY? Just say no?

You know what they said to one First wife (nancy reagan) without a
large caboose,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_Say_No
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Reagan


OK this is five minutes and has a 30 second commercial.

The dopamine in my brain won't let me watch it. LOL

CNN: 1986: Nancy Reagan's 'Just say no' campaign
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lQXgVM30mIY


Her Ronny cutting

President Reagan - his humor and wit
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qColFjbzoK0&feature=related
<time 10:48>
A collection of U.S. President Ronald Reagan's humorous stories and
jokes told in speeches, addresses and press conferences, 1980-1988
<snip>


That was FUNNY...


I'm addicted to laughter now.... ha ha.... LOL

OK... mirth over.

It's also FALLEN for obama says dick morris:

See/listen to DICK on obama's falling POLEs....and dick talks about
NIXON's limp POLEs...

http://www.dickmorris.com/obamas-falling-personal-popularity-dick-morris-tv-lunch-alert/
In this video commentary, I discuss how Obama’s job approval has
fallen for four years, but his personal favorability has stayed high.
Not anymore. Now it’s crashing too. Tune in!
<snip>


Are you addcited to sugar?

======================


Mercola says... beware of this dick nixon... addiction!

http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2012/04/30/fructose-and-protein-related-to-obesity.aspx


The Skinny on Obesity (Ep. 1): An Epidemic for Every Body
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=h0zD1gj0pXk
<time 12:16>

dr cola
Diet myths abound in the health industry, but one of the biggest myths
of all is the idea that a calorie is a calorie, no matter where you
get it from, or what the chemical or nutritional makeup of it is.

If you care about your health and are truly working to keep your
weight down, then you need to know the truth about calories as well as
the substances that distort how calories work in your body.

For example, sugar is one of the major health topics in the news these
days, with “sugar is sugar” news updates, ads, and counter-ads.

Now, a new video, the “Skinny on Obesity”, presents a chilling
awakening on weight, weight gain, and chronic diseases like dementia,
cancer, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Watch it, and you may never look the same way at sugar or calories
again. Your body actually treats sugar in the same way it treats
alcohol and other toxins. This is in large part how sugars can damage
your liver and other organs, and why Dr. Lustig refers to sugar as a
toxin. I recently wrote about this at length in the article, Is Sugar
Toxic?
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2011/05/02/is-sugar-toxic.aspx
<snip>

Story at-a-glance
One dogma that has contributed to the ever-worsening health of the
Western world is the belief that “a calorie is a calorie.” This simply
isn’t true. The idea that obesity is the end result of eating too much
and exercising too little; i.e. consuming more calories than you’re
expending, is also false.

Fructose is 'isocaloric but not isometabolic." This means you can have
the same amount of calories from fructose or glucose, fructose and
protein, or fructose and fat, but the metabolic effect will be
entirely different despite the identical calorie count.

Eight primary diseases related to metabolic dysfunction include type 2
diabetes, hypertension, lipid problems, heart disease, non-alcoholic
fatty liver disease, polysystic ovarian syndrome, cancer, and
dementia. Obesity is a marker for all of them, and these eight
diseases account for a staggering 75 percent of the healthcare costs
in the US.

20 percent of obese people have perfectly normal metabolic
functioning, and the excess weight will not affect their overall
lifespan. However, the MAJORITY of obese people—about 80 percent of
them—do not have normal metabolic function, and 40 percent of normal-
weight people also suffer from metabolic dysfunction, and are
therefore prone to these obesity-related diseases. All in all,
metabolic dysfunction affects a clear majority of Americans, and the
faulty dogmatic belief that all calories are the same has contributed
to the rise in metabolic dysfunction.
<snip>


But i eat fried chicken and i'm under weight?

odd isn't it?

LOL... not really... it's geneticOW... odd... <G>

=========================


http://www.wellnessresources.com/weight/articles/germ_gangs_block_weight_loss_the_leptin_diet_weight_loss_challenge_5/
Germ Gangs Block Weight Loss – The Leptin Diet Weight Loss Challenge
#5

Monday, April 30, 2012
Byron J. Richards, Board Certified Clinical Nutritionist


The metabolic flu weakens your host defenses. This enables germ gangs
to take up unwanted residence. Your immune system can’t get rid of
them and struggles to keep them in their existing neighborhoods. Some
of these germ gangs live within your digestive tract, lungs, or
sinuses. Some even live in your white adipose tissue. The net result
is increased tissue damage, higher levels of inflammation, higher
levels of toxic exposure, food sensitivities, greater risk for immune
system malfunction, and significantly more trouble engaging weight
loss or sustaining a weight loss program.

In my second article in this series I explain how digestive problems
cause imbalance of bacterial populations in your digestive tract,
leading to excess production of toxic LPS. Many of these bacteria are
normal inhabitants of your digestive tract, including such bacteria as
Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori). An example of the situation I am
explaining is that once digestive imbalance occurs, and one is lacking
in friendly flora to contain it, then H.pylori goes from a normal and
smaller part of the intestinal bacterial mix into a larger germ gang
that takes on hostile behavior that induces tissue damage (causing
ulcers or chronic digestive inflammation) while massively boosting
production of toxic LPS.

In fact, we now know that H.pylori can infect epithelial cells1 lining
the stomach and replicate beneath the surface-level digestive
structure, making itself highly resistant to antibiotic treatment as
the antibiotics no longer contact the roots of the germ gang. In an
example of germ gang cooperation, H.pylori can actually live within
Candida albicans2, a negotiated co-existence at the expense of human
health. And if it isn’t H.pylori causing gastritis then it is other
germ gang bacteria such as E.coli and Staphylococcus3, which are
resistant to treatment to the degree Candida is also present. Thus,
once this situation takes hold then normal bacteria start forming
coalitions that foster their growth. They go from being “friendly
farmers” of the natural digestive mix into power-grabbing warriors
trying to take advantage of metabolic flu to foster their own survival
at your expense. If you are in this compromised situation and fall
under an attack of food poisoning from something like Salmonella, your
imbalanced gut is a shoddy defense against a highly aggressive
warrior. Staphylococcus aureus is now found in 50% of the meat and
poultry from factory farms, a likely contributor to digestive
imbalance for millions of Americans. Invariably, friendly flora is
lacking when germ gangs take hold.

A considerable body of new science shows that germ gangs are common in
overweight people4. For example, the more overweight a woman is prior
to pregnancy or the more weight she gains during pregnancy6 is
associated with germ gangs in the Clostridium and Staphylococcus
families of bacteria, and a lack of friendly flora. Even worse, this
imbalanced germ gang population is passed on to her child7, and
becomes the child’s starting point for digestive “health” and a large
factor in consequent risk for obesity. Interestingly, giving women
friendly flora during and after pregnancy resulted in much less
abdominal weight at the one year point following the pregnancy.

Germ gangs occupy space on the lining of your digestive tract, mowing
down digestive enzymes, and inducing tissue damage to the lining of
your digestive tract. This makes problems of leaky gut much worse and
increases the exposure to toxins (due to increased leaky gut and the
toxins they are producing in excess), altering immunity, and causing
indigestion and food sensitivity/allergy to multiple foods that were
not previously a problem to eat.

In this picture of co-existing germ gangs, one of the chief problems
is the all-too-often formation of the yeast gang known as Candida
albicans8, common in overweight people. Candida is a natural part of
your digestive mix but can get out of hand and grow like weeds in your
lawn. It is present in virtually all cases of sinus problems, many
lung problems, and often co-exists with other bacterial germ gangs.
Not only do germ gangs fight your body, they actually fight other germ
gangs for turf control and expansion and may work with each other to
negotiate deals. Candida produces excessive amounts of the toxin
acetaldehyde, which makes a person have brain fog along with feeling
depressed or moody.

In the process of Candida reproduction, massive amounts of highly
inflammatory oxylipins9 are generated which make metabolic flu much
worse. In other words, Candida gangs are sending signals to the immune
system and are telling the immune system to ignore them. If you don’t
already have metabolic flu, then your immune system is not susceptible
to such trickery. If you already have metabolic flu then your immune
cells may behave as gullible suckers drawn into the trap of not
defending you. It has now been shown that the insulin resistance of
obesity and diabetes turns off the ability of macrophages to fight
Candida10 in your GI tract leading to Candida overgrowth. A strategy
to fix the immune problems involves engaging the weight loss process.
This turns on genes in fat tissue that communicate to macrophages, so
they can now fight Candida properly.

Candida albicans and germ gangs lead to food sensitivity and allergy.
For example, during Candida overgrowth, the Candida induces
inflammatory tissue damage along the lining of your digestive tract,
like weeds spreading in a lawn. The Candida takes dead digestive tract
cells and makes a hard goop, like a turtle shell, over the outside of
itself. It then attaches this shell to the walls of your digestive
tract with little scab-like threads called transglutaminase, while it
hides underneath the shell to escape your immune system. When gluten
passes through the transglutaminase it causes a highly inflammatory
reaction which eventually generates Celiac-like autoantibodies. The
metabolic flu of obesity has already primed immune cells in the
autoimmune direction. Candida takes advantage of the situation, adding
insult to injury. Candida can cause Celiac or Celiac-like problems by
this mechanism. Eventually this will cause weight loss due to
malnutrition and very poor digestive health – which is not a good way
to lose weight.

Infection of White Adipose Tissue

A common human virus, adenovirus 36 (AD36)11, has garnered
considerable attention in the past decade as a contributing factor to
obesity, affecting as many as 30% of overweight individuals12 and is
especially involved with significant obesity. One recent study showed
that children with AD36 (20% of overweight children) were on average
50 pounds overweight.

AD36 is one of the viruses that cause respiratory infections (colds,
bronchitis, pneumonia, sinus infection) and eye infection
(conjunctivitis). Thus, a history of such infections is a risk factor
for this issue. Measuring antibodies for AD36 is not common in medical
practice and is currently a research tool used by scientists. The
virus is transmitted by personal contact. It is a very stable virus,
which has a unique affinity for fat that draws it into your white
adipose tissue, and it alters DNA signaling in fat cells to produce
more fat cells and block fat metabolism. The evidence indicates it can
live as a viral gang in white adipose tissue for many years following
the original exposure and infection.

Other research on another common virus, the cytomegalovirus, found
that it activates fat synthesis13 in white adipose tissue so as to
utilize the fat to help fuel viral replication and survival. This
indicates the disturbing possibility that many low-grade viral
infections may indirectly contribute to obesity via this mechanism.

As I mentioned, the current scientific consensus is that AD36 is an
issue contributing to weight-loss difficulty, for up to 30% of the
overweight population. Since just about everyone who is overweight is
struggling with metabolic flu, this is an example of a virus that can
take advantage of the poorly functioning natural killer cells with
ongoing activity in your white adipose tissue – living on long after
the respiratory or eye infections have been defeated.

Addressing the Germ Gang Problem

Germ gang issues are tenacious. They ebb and flow but they have the
potential to hang on for years. Many people have had problems since
birth or early childhood and unfortunately don’t even know what life
is like without the problem. Others get flare ups following high
stress, antibiotics, high sugar intake, junk food diets, high alcohol
intake, etc. Once the problems flare up, they can take weeks or months
to improve. Relapse is common when subjected to the diet and lifestyle
stressors that cause the problem to flare up.

Germ gangs only live and thrive in weak body tissue. In the final
analysis, this means that the solution is not just killing them, but
actually restoring vitality to the tissues of your body, including
your white adipose tissue (fat fitness). This will take time. Building
muscle gradually as you lose weight is important for activating genes
that rejuvenate tissues in your body. Improving aerobics delivers
oxygen to tissues, killing germs and fostering health. Thus, part of
this issue is a long-term problem and a major part of the solution is
the restoration of physical fitness. Another long-term solution is
finally getting to your goal weight and staying there, which has been
proven to be associated with full elimination of many germ gangs.

In the short term, active germ gangs block the ability to lose weight.
The simple dietary adjustments are to cut back or eliminate refined
sugar, alcohol, and polyunsaturated junk fat (fries, chips, vegetable
oils in packaged foods and commercial bakery goods). By increasing
fiber (a prebiotic for friendly flora fermentation) and actually
taking some friendly flora, it is sometimes possible to get on track.

After that, a person must become much more aggressive with digestive
tract repair nutrients such as glutamine, digestive inflammation
reducing nutrients such as quercetin and grape seed extract,
detoxification nutrients, and germ-gang disrupting nutrients like
oregano oil, colostrum, and lactoferrin. The subject of what any one
person may need to do goes beyond the scope of this article. I have
written extensively on these issues under topics such as digestive
health, immunity, and detoxification. The bottom line is that you do
enough to engage the weight-loss process, which may require rather
high levels of gang-disrupting nutrients to take the edge off the
acute stress of the matter so that weight loss can be engaged.
Remember, the long-term solution is a restoration of fitness and the
loss of body weight. You must restore your immune system’s ability to
naturally keep germ gangs disbanded.

There are some caveats that should be understood when dealing with
germ gangs. The rate at which you can kill them in the short term, to
get yourself on track, will be influenced by the functionality of your
detoxification systems, which may also already be overloaded due to
the existing problem. This is certainly true for those in the worst
health (lack of fitness, lack of aerobic ability, multiple health
issues). Keep in mind that germ gangs are poisoning you on an ongoing
low-grade basis. However, when you kill them they release their
stored toxins and this causes a surge in toxic exposure. The slang for
this event is “die off.” The nutrient pantethine helps clear the
acetaldehyde of Candida die off, helping to prevent brain fog and the
toxic flu-like feelings that may otherwise result. Thus, some people
will need to work a simultaneous strategy of gradually improving
exercise fitness, dietary quality, fiber and friendly flora intake,
detoxification support, and slowly introducing germ-gang disrupters
and gradually building up their dose. If a die off starts to happen,
then back down the approach until your detox systems catch up and then
gradually go back at it at a rate your body can handle. If you have
any questions consult your health care professional as my tips are
generic and educational and are not medical advice. Nor can they take
into account an individual’s complex issues.

Most people with a level of exercise fitness, do not have as much
struggle getting on track or taking the higher amounts of germ gang
disrupters that are often needed to engage weight loss. The biggest
problem most people have is that they get themselves on track, start
having too many indiscretions, the germ gang issue flares back up over
a several week period, and they are back in a rut with weight gain
instead of weight loss. This is the key lesson from those who have
been there and done that; ONCE ON TRACK, STAY ON TRACK.

Another common pitfall is obsession with “allergic” foods and thinking
that eliminating all kinds of foods, often based on some sort of food
allergy testing, offers a path to solution. At the very best, it
offers a short-term break for your immune system which may help you
get on track. More often than not, it just causes malnutrition from
eliminating too many foods, and the new foods eaten develop into
“allergic” as the underlying digestive germ gangs and immune system
problems have not been addressed, which are the actual source of the
apparent allergies/sensitivities. I have worked with thousands of
people on this issue. Taking a break from generally healthy foods that
are problematic can sometimes help you get on track. However, as
health improves food inclusion is a priority. Otherwise you may end
up a dietary cripple eating chicken and broccoli and no longer even
able to eat all the foods you actually once could. Don’t fall into the
trap promoted by many alternative health practitioners. Food avoidance
is not a long-term strategy of value in returning your health.

It is somewhat ironic, that many people do not want to believe they
have an issue with this topic until they get quite ill with a nasty
bug. Unfortunately, if the bug is treated with antibiotics then the
germ gang issue tends to get much worse due to the destruction of
friendly flora that allows hostile germs gangs to gain ground when the
antibiotics are stopped, a process that is re-enforced by the
overgrowth of Candida. Thus, the germ gang theory is proved to them
based on the harsh outcome of the antibiotic treatment. On the other
hand, some individuals will take very high levels of a variety of
natural immune support compounds to knock out the bug, a battle that
may last a few days or a week. Metabolic rate is increased and
appetite is generally depressed during a bad bug, thus weight loss
kicks into gear (which I guess is one way, not really the preferred
way, to get weight loss in motion). However, once the bug is over, the
net result of using such high amounts of many immune support nutrients
is typically that the pre-existing germ gangs have been knocked down
to size and appetite is much less even though you are now well.
Consider it a learning opportunity and keep yourself on track with a
lower intake of calories and maintain higher levels of immune support
until you can get a good response to exercise and your strength,
muscle fitness, and aerobic capacity are fully restored (don’t do too
much too soon following an illness). Not only does this ensure you are
fully well, it may go a long way towards helping you stay in a better
weight loss mode.

Germ gangs show no mercy. The goal of Candida gangs is to recycle your
body back to carbon, (i.e., completely dead). Germ gangs are famous
for delivering your health a “knock out punch.” Unlike a boxing
match, germ gangs pounce on an opponent that is down. Most overweight
people have been battling germ gangs for years. The degree of the
problem ranges from small to large, but it’s almost always a factor
when there is a longer-term history of weight struggles and yo-yo
dieting. There is a path out of this rut. There are no short cuts or
quick fixes. There are no magic medical bullets. Be thankful that
there is a path to a healthier future.
<snip>





Wow.. i can hardly wait for the next six threads... <W>


randall... bringing up six soon!