Kidney Calculation Confirms Catastrophic Killer
ironjustice
Iron-Related Proteins: Candidate Urine Biomarkers in Childhood
HIV-Associated Renal Diseases.
Soler-García AA, Johnson D, Hathout Y, Ray PE
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009 Mar 11.
BACKGROUND:
Because of the risk of performing renal biopsies in children
with co-morbid conditions, we carried out this study to identify
candidate protein biomarkers in the urine of HIV-infected children
with renal disease.
Design, setting, participants & measurements:
Urine samples from HIV-infected children with biopsy proven
HIV-nephropathy (HIVAN; n = 4), HIV-associated Hemolytic
Uremic Syndrome (HIV-HUS; n = 2), or no renal disease (n = 3)
were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and
proteomic methods.
Positive findings were confirmed in HIV-infected children with
(n = 20) and without (n = 10) proteinuria using commercially
available assays.
RESULTS:
By 2-DE analysis, a single urine marker was not sufficient
to distinguish children with HIVAN from the others.
High urine levels of beta2-microglobulin and retinol-binding protein
(RBP) suggested the presence of tubular injury.
In addition, we found elevated urine levels of iron and the iron-
related
proteins, transferrin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, lactoferrin, and
neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), in children with
HIVAN and HIV-HUS.
Furthermore, we detected a significant accumulation of iron in the
urine and kidneys of HIV-transgenic (Tg) rats with renal disease.
CONCLUSION:
These findings suggest that iron and iron-related proteins might
be promising candidate urine biomarkers to identify HIV-infected
children at risk of developing HIVAN and HIV-HUS.
Moreover, based on the results of previous studies, we speculate
that the release or accumulation of iron in the kidney of HIV-
infected
children may contribute to the rapid progression of their renal
disease,
and could become a new therapeutic target against HIVAN and
HIV-HUS.
Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology :
CJASN [Clin J Am Soc Nephrol]
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ironjustice
found elevated urine levels of iron and the iron-related proteins"<<
Renoprotective Effects of Sesamol in Ferric
Nitrilotriacetate-Induced Oxidative Renal Injury in Rats.
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009 Feb 27.
Gupta A, Sharma S, Kaur I, Chopra K.
Pharmacology Division, University Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University,
Chandigarh, India.
The present study was designed to investigate the renoprotective
effect of 3,4-methylenedioxyphenol (sesamol) on ferric
nitrilotriacetate-induced renal toxicity.
Rats were pretreated with sesamol (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg, p.o.) 30 min.
prior to administration of ferric nitrilotriacetate (8 mg iron/kg,
i.p.)
to determine the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels
along with renal oxidative stress.
Challenge with ferric nitrilotriacetate markedly increased the blood
urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels, which was coupled with
a marked lipid peroxidation, reduced activity of glutathione and
decreased total nitric oxide levels in rat kidneys.
It also produced significant renal morphological alterations and
increased serum tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels.
Pretreatment with sesamol significantly reduced the serum
creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, lipid peroxidation,
restored levels of reduced glutathione and increased total renal
nitric oxide levels.
It also attenuated the increased tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels
and restored the normal morphology of the kidneys.
Present findings strongly suggest the pivotal role of oxidative
stress
in the ferric nitrilotriacetate-induced renal dysfunction and points
towards the renoprotective potential of sesamol in oxidative renal
pathologies.
PMID: 19281599