The Justice Of God In The Damnation Of Sinners

[Carl]

The following is an interesting sermon from Jonathan Edwards which I think
will give cause for plenty of conversation. Edwards raises plenty of
Biblical points to ponder therein.

May God bless,
Carl
my website -- http://www.nettally.com/saints/
my blog -- http://www.anniemayhem.com/cgi-bin/wordpress/

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The Justice Of God In The Damnation Of Sinners
by Jonathan Edwards

Romans 3:19 -- That every mouth may be stopped.

The main subject of the doctrinal part of this epistle, is the free grace of
God in the salvation of men by Christ Jesus; especially as it appears in the
doctrine of justification by faith alone. And the more clearly to evince
this doctrine, and show the reason of it, the apostle, in the first place,
establishes that point, that no flesh living can be justified by the deeds
of the law. And to prove it, he is very large and particular in showing,
that all mankind, not only the Gentiles, but Jews, are under sin, and so
under the condemnation of the law; which is what he insists upon from the
beginning of the epistle to this place. He first begins with the Gentiles;
and in the first chapter shows that they are under sin, by setting forth the
exceeding corruptions and horrid wickedness that overspread the Gentile
world: and then through the second chapter, and the former part of this
third chapter, to the text and following verse, he shows the same of the
Jews, that they also are in the same circumstances with the Gentiles in this
regard. They had a high thought of themselves, because they were God's
covenant people, and circumcised, and the children of Abraham. They despised
the Gentiles as polluted, condemned, and accursed; but looked on themselves,
on account of their external privileges, and ceremonial and moral
righteousness, as a pure and holy people, and the children of God; as the
apostle observes in the second chapter. It was therefore strange doctrine to
them, that they also were unclean and guilty in God's sight, and under the
condemnation and curse of the law. The apostle does therefore, on account of
their strong prejudices against such doctrine, the more particularly insists
upon it, and shows that they are no better than the Gentiles; and as in the
9th verse of this chapter, "What then? Are we better than they? No, in no
wise; for we have before proved both Jews and Gentiles, that they are all
under sin." And, to convince them of it, he then produces certain passages
out of their own law, or the Old Testament, (to whose authority they pretend
a great regard,) from the ninth verse to our text. And it may be observed,
that the apostle, first, cites certain passages to prove that all mankind
are corrupt, (verses 10-12.) "As it is written, there is none righteous, no
not one: There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after
God: They are all gone out of the way, they are together become
unprofitable, there is none that doeth good, no not one." Secondly, the
passages he cites next, are to prove, that not only all are corrupt, but
each one wholly corrupt, as it were all over unclean, from the crown of the
head to the soles of his feet; and therefore several particular parts of
thebody are mentioned, the throat, the tongue, the lips, the mouth, the
feet, (verses 13-15.) "Their throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues
they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips; whose mouth
is full of cursing and bitterness: their feet are swift to shed blood." And,
Thirdly, he quotes other passages to show, that each one is not only all
over corrupt, but corrupt to a desperate degree, by affirming the most
pernicious tendency of their wickedness; "Destruction and misery are in
their ways." And then by denying all goodness or godliness in them; "And the
way of peace have they not known: There is no fear of God before their
eyes." And then, lest the Jews should think these passages of their law do
not concern them, and only the Gentiles are intended in them, the apostle
shows in the text, not only that they are not exempt, but that they
especially must be understood: "Now we know that whatsoever things the law
saith, it saith to them who are under the law." By those that are under the
law is meant the Jews; and the Gentiles by those that are without law; as
appears by the 12th verse of the preceding chapter. There is a special
reason to understand the law, as speaking to and of them, to whom it was
immediately given. And therefore the Jews would be unreasonable in exempting
themselves. And if we examine the places of the Old Testament whence these
passages are taken, we shall see plainly that special respect is had to the
wickedness of the people of that nation, in every one of them. So that the
law shuts all up in universal and desperate wickedness, that every mouth may
be stopped; the mouths of the Jews, as well as of the Gentiles,
notwithstanding all those privileges by which they were distinguished from
the Gentiles.

The things that the law says, are sufficient to stop the mouths of all
mankind, in two respects.

1. To stop them from boasting of their righteousness, as the Jews were wont
to do; as the apostle observes in the 23rd verse of the preceding chapter.-
That the apostle has respect to stopping their mouths in this respect,
appears by the 27th verse of the context, "Where is boasting then? It is
excluded." The law stops our mouths from making any plea for life, or the
favor of God, or any positive good, from our own righteousness.

2. To stop them from making any excuse for ourselves, or objection against
the execution of the sentence of the law, or the infliction of the
punishment that it threatens. That it is intended, appears by the words
immediately following, "That all the world may become guilty before God."
That is, that they may appear to be guilty, and stand convicted before God,
and justly liable to the condemnation of his law, as guilty of death,
according to the Jewish way of speaking.

And thus the apostle proves, that no flesh can be justified in God's sight
by the deeds of the law; as he draws the conclusion in the following verse;
and so prepares the way for establishing of the great doctrine of
justification by faith alone, which he proceeds to do in the following part
of the chapter, and of the epistle.

DOCTRINE
"It is just with God eternally to cast off and destroy sinners."- For this
is the punishment which the law condemns to- The truth of this doctrine may
appear by the joint consideration of two things, viz. Man's sinfulness, and
God's sovereignty.

I. It appears from the consideration of man's sinfulness. And that whether
we consider the infinitely evil nature of all sin, or how much sin men are
guilty of.

1. If we consider the infinite evil and heinousness of sin in general, it is
not unjust in God to inflict what punishment is deserved; because the very
notion of deserving any punishment is, that it may be justly inflicted. A
deserved punishment and a just punishment are the same thing. To say that
one deserves such a punishment, and yet to say that he does not justly
deserve it, is a contradiction; and if he justly deserves it, then it may be
justly inflicted.

Every crime or fault deserves a greater or less punishment, in proportion as
the crime itself is greater or less. If any fault deserves punishment, then
so much the greater the fault, so much the greater is the punishment
deserved. The faulty nature of any thing is the formal ground and reason of
its desert of punishment; and therefore the more any thing hath of this
nature, the more punishment it deserves. And therefore the terribleness of
the degree of punishment, let it be never be so terrible, is no argument
against the justice of it, if the proportion does but hold between the
heinousness of the crime and the dreadfulness of the punishment; so that if
there be any such thing as a fault infinitely heinous, it will follow that
it is just to inflict a punishment for it that is infinitely dreadful.

A crime is more or less heinous, according as we are under greater or less
obligations to the contrary. This is self-evident; because it is herein that
the criminalness or faultiness of any thing consists, that it is contrary to
what we are obliged or bound to, or what ought to be in us. So the
faultiness of one being hating another, is in proportion to his obligation
to love him. The crime of one being despising and casting contempt on
another, is proportionably more or less heinous, as he was under greater or
less obligations to honour him. The fault of disobeying another, is greater
or less, as any one is under greater or less obligations to obey him. And
therefore if there be any being that we are under infinite obligations to
love, and honour, and obey, the contrary towards him must be infinitely
faulty.
Our obligation to love, honour, and obey any being, is in proportion to his
loveliness, honourableness, and authority; for that is the very meaning of
the words. When we say any one is very lovely, it is the same as to say,
that he is one very much to be loved. Or if we say such a one is more
honourable than another, the meaning of the words is, that he is one that we
are more obliged to honour. If we say any one has great authority over us,
it is the same as to say, that he has great right to our subjection and
obedience.

But God is a being infinitely lovely, because he hath infinite excellency
and beauty. To have infinite excellency and beauty, is the same thing as to
have infinite loveliness. He is a being of infinite greatness, majesty, and
glory; and therefore he is infinitely honourable. He is infinitely exalted
above the greatest potentates of the earth, and highest angels in heaven;
and therefore he is infinitely more honourable than they. His authority over
us is infinite; and the ground of his right to our obedience is infinitely
strong; for he is infinitely worthy to be obeyed himself, and we have an
absolute, universal, and infinite dependence upon him.

So that sin against God, being a violation of infinite obligations, must be
a crime infinitely heinous, and so deserving of infinite punishment.-
Nothing is more agreeable to the common sense of mankind, than that sins
committed against any one, must be proportionably heinous to the dignity of
the being offended and abused; as it is also agreeable to the word of God, I
Samuel 2:25. "If one man sin against another, the judge shall judge him;"
(i.e. shall judge him, and inflict a finite punishment, such as finite
judges can inflict;) "but if a man sin against the Lord, who shall entreat
for him?" This was the aggravation of sin that made Joseph afraid of it.
Genesis 39:9. "How shall I commit this great wickedness, and sin against
God?" This was the aggravation of David's sin, in comparison of which he
esteemed all others as nothing, because they were infinitely exceeded by it.
Psalm 51:4. "Against thee, thee only have I sinned."-The eternity of the
punishment of ungodly men renders it infinite: and it renders it no more
than infinite; and therefore renders no more than proportionable to the
heinousness of what they are guilty of.

If there be any evil or faultiness in sin against God, there is certainly
infinite evil: for if it be any fault at all, it has an infinite
aggravation, viz. that it is against an infinite object. If it be ever so
small upon other accounts, yet if it be any thing, it has one infinite
dimension; and so is an infinite evil. Which may be illustrated by this: if
we suppose a thing to have infinite length, but no breadth and thickness, (a
mere mathematical line,) it is nothing: but if it have any breadth and
thickness, though never so small, and infinite length, the quantity of it is
infinite; it exceeds the quantity of any thing, however broad, thick, and
long, wherein these dimensions are all finite.

So that the objections made against the infinite punishment of sin, from the
necessity, or rather previous certainty, of the futurition of sin, arising
from the unavoidable original corruption of nature, if they argue any thing,
argue against any faultiness at all: for if this necessity or certainty
leaves any evil at all in sin, that fault must be infinite by reason of the
infinite object.

But every such objector as would argue from hence, that there is no fault at
all in sin, confutes himself, and shows his own insincerity in his
objection. For at the same time that he objects, that men's acts are
necessary, and that this kind of necessity is inconsistent with faultiness
in the act, his own practice shows that he does not believe what he objects
to be true: otherwise why does he at all blame men? Or why are such persons
at all displeased with men, for abusive, injurious, and ungrateful acts
towards them? Whatever they pretend, by this they show that indeed they do
believe that there is no necessity in men's acts that is inconsistent with
blame. And if their objection be this, that this previous certainty is by
God's own ordering, and that where God orders an antecedent certainty of
acts, he transfers all the fault from the actor on himself; their practice
shows, that at the same time they do not believe this, but fully believe the
contrary: for when they are abused by men, they are displeased with men, and
not with God only.

The light of nature teaches all mankind, that when an injury is voluntary,
it is faulty, without any consideration of what there might be previously to
determine the futurition of that evil act of the will. And it really teaches
this as much to those that object and cavil most as to others; as their
universal practice shows. By which it appears, that such objections are
insincere and perverse. Men will mention others' corrupt nature when they
are injured, as a thing that aggravates their crime, and that wherein their
faultiness partly consists. How common is it for persons, when they look on
themselves greatly injured by another, to inveigh against him, and aggravate
his baseness, by saying, "He is a man of a most perverse spirit: he is
naturally of a selfish, niggardly, or proud and haughty temper: he is one of
a base and vile disposition." And yet men's natural and corrupt dispositions
are mentioned as an excuse for them, with respect to their sins against God,
as if they rendered them blameless.

2. That it is just with God eternally to cast off wicked men, may more
abundantly appear, if we consider how much sin they are guilty of. From what
has been already said, it appears, that if men were guilty of sin but in one
particular, that is sufficient ground of their eternal rejection and
condemnation. If they are sinners, that is enough. Merely this, might be
sufficient to keep them from ever lifting up their heads, and cause them to
smite on their breasts, with the publican that cried, "God be merciful to me
a sinner." But sinful men are full of sin; full of principles and acts of
sin: their guilt is like great mountains, heaped one upon another, till the
pile is grown up to heaven. They are totally corrupt, in every part, in all
their faculties, and all the principles of their nature, their
understandings, and wills; and in all their dispositions and affections.
Their heads, their hearts, are totally depraved; all the members of their
bodies are only instruments of sin; and all their senses, seeing, hearing,
tasting, &c. are only inlets and outlets of sin, channels of corruption.
There is nothing but sin, no good at all. Romans. 7:18. "In me, that is, in
my flesh, dwells no good thing." There is all manner of wickedness. There
are the seeds of the greatest and blackest crimes. There are principles of
all sorts of wickedness against men; and there is all wickedness against
God. There is pride; there is enmity; there is contempt; there is
quarreling; there is atheism; there is blasphemy. There are these things in
exceeding strength; the heart is under the power of them, is sold under sin,
and is a perfect slave to it. There is hard-heartedness, hardness greater
than that of a rock, or an adamant-stone. There is obstinacy and
perverseness, incorrigibleness and inflexibleness in sin, that will not be
overcome by threatenings or promises, by awakenings or encouragements, by
judgments or mercies, neither by that which is terrifying nor that which is
winning. The very blood of God our Saviour will not win the heart of a
wicked man.

And there are actual wickednesses without number or measure. There are
breaches of every command, in thought, word, and deed: a life full of sin;
days and nights filled up with sin; mercies abused and frowns despised;
mercy and justice, and all the divine perfections, trampled on; and the
honour of each person in the Trinity trod in the dirt. Now if one sinful
word or thought has so much evil in it, as to deserve eternal destruction,
how do they deserve to be eternally cast off and destroyed, that are guilty
of so much sin!

II. If with man's sinfulness, we consider God's sovereignty, it may serve
further to clear God's justice in the eternal rejection and condemnation of
sinners, from men's cavils and objections. I shall not now pretend to
determine precisely, what things are, and what things are not, proper acts
and exercises of God's holy sovereignty; but only, that God's sovereignty
extends to the following things.

1. That such is God's sovereign power and right, that he is originally under
no obligation to keep men from sinning; but may in his providence permit and
leave them to sin. He was not obliged to keep either angels or men from
falling. It is unreasonable to suppose, that God should be obliged, if he
makes a reasonable creature capable of knowing his will, and receiving a law
from him, and being subject to his moral government, at the same time to
make it impossible for him to sin, or break his law. For if God be obliged
to this, it destroys all use of any commands, laws, promises, or
threatenings, and the very notion of any moral government of God over those
reasonable creatures. For to what purpose would it be, for God to give such
and such laws, and declare his holy will to a creature, and annex promises
and threatenings to move him to his duty, and make him careful to perform
it, if the creature at the same time has this to think of, that God is
obliged to make it impossible for him to break his laws? How can God's
threatenings move to care or watchfulness, when, at the same time, God is
obliged to render it impossible that he should be exposed to the
threatenings? Or, to what purpose is it for God to give a law at all? For
according to this supposition, it is God, and not the creature, that is
under the law. It is the lawgiver's care, and not the subject's, to see that
his law is obeyed; and this care is what the lawgiver is absolutely obliged
to! If God be obliged never to permit a creature to fall, there is an end of
all divine laws, or government, or authority of God over the creature; there
can be no manner of use of these things.

God may permit sin, though the being of sin will certainly ensue on that
permission: and so, by permission, he may dispose and order the event. If
there were any such thing as chance, or mere contingence, and the very
notion of it did not carry a gross absurdity, (as might easily be shown that
it does,) it would have been very unfit that God should have left it to mere
chance, whether man should fall or no. For chance, if there should be any
such thing, is undesigning and blind. And certainly it is more fit that an
event of so great importance, and that is attended with such an infinite
train of great consequences, should be disposed and ordered by infinite
wisdom, than that it should be left to blind chance.

If it be said, that God need not have interposed to render it impossible for
man to sin, and yet not leave it to mere contingence or blind chance
neither; but might have left it with man's free will, to determine whether
to sin or no: I answer, if God did leave it to man's free will, without any
sort of disposal, or ordering [or rather, adequate cause] in the case,
whence it should be previously certain how that free will should determine,
then still that first determination of the will must be merely contingent or
by chance. It could not have any antecedent act of the will to determine it;
for I speak now of the very first act of motion of the will, respecting the
affair that may be looked upon as the prime ground and highest source of the
event. To suppose this to be determined by a foregoing act is a
contradiction. God's disposing this determination of the will by his
permission, does not at all infringe the liberty of the creature: it is in
no respect any more inconsistent with liberty, than mere chance or
contingence. For if the determination of the will be from blind, undesigning
chance, it is no more from the agent himself, or from the will itself, than
if we suppose, in the case, a wise, divine disposal by permission.

2. It was fit that it should be at the ordering of the divine wisdom and
good pleasure, whether every particular man should stand for himself, or
whether the first father of mankind should be appointed as the moral and
federal head and representative of the rest. If God has not liberty in this
matter to determine either of these two as he pleases, it must be because
determining that the first father of men should represent the rest, and not
that every one should stand for himself, is injurious to mankind. For if it
be not injurious, how is it unjust? But it is not injurious to mankind; for
there is nothing in the nature of the case itself, that makes it better that
each man should stand for himself, than that all should be represented by
their common father; as the least reflection or consideration will convince
any one. And if there be nothing in the nature of the thing that makes the
former better for mankind than the latter, then it will follow, that they
are not hurt in God's choosing and appointing the latter, rather than the
former; or, which is the same thing, that it is not injurious to mankind.

3. When men are fallen, and become sinful, God by his sovereignty has a
right to determine about their redemption as he pleases. He has a right to
determine whether he will redeem any or not. He might, if he had pleased,
have left all to perish, or might have redeemed all. Or, he may redeem some,
and leave others; and if he doth so, he may take whom he pleases, and leave
whom he pleases. To suppose that all have forfeited his favor, and deserved
to perish, and to suppose that he may not leave any one individual of them
to perish, implies a contradiction; because it supposes that such a one has
a claim to God's favor, and is not justly liable to perish; which is
contrary to the supposition.

It is meet that God should order all these things according to his own
pleasure. By reason of his greatness and glory, by which he is infinitely
above all, he is worthy to be sovereign, and that his pleasure should in all
things take place. He is worthy that he should make himself his end, and
that he should make nothing but his own wisdom his rule in pursuing that
end, without asking leave or counsel of any, and without giving account of
any of his matters. It is fit that he who is absolutely perfect, and
infinitely wise, and the Fountain of all wisdom, should determine every
thing [that he effects] by his own will, even things of the greatest
importance. It is meet that he should be thus sovereign, because he is the
first being, the eternal being, whence all other beings are. He is the
Creator of all things; and all are absolutely and universally dependent on
him; and therefore it is meet that he should act as the sovereign possessor
of heaven and earth.

APPLICATION
In the improvement of this doctrine, I would chiefly direct myself to
sinners who are afraid of damnation, in a use of conviction. This may be
matter of conviction to you, that it would be just and righteous with God
eternally to reject and destroy you. This is what you are in danger of. You
who are a Christless sinner are a poor condemned creature: God's wrath still
abides upon you; and the sentence of condemnation lies upon you. You are in
God's hands, and it is uncertain what he will do with you. You are afraid
what will become of you. You are afraid that it will be your portion to
suffer eternal burnings; and your fears are not without grounds; you have
reason to tremble every moment. But be you never so much afraid of it, let
eternal damnation be never so dreadful, yet it is just. God may nevertheless
do it, and be righteous, and holy, and glorious. Though eternal damnation be
what you cannot bear, and how much soever your heart shrinks at the thought
of it, yet God's justice may be glorious in it. The dreadfulness of the
thing on your part, and the greatness of your dread of it, do not render it
the less righteous on God's part. If you think otherwise, it is a sign that
you do not see yourself, that you are not sensible what sin is, nor how much
of it you have been guilty of. Therefore for your conviction, be directed,

First, To look over your past life: inquire at the mouth of conscience, and
hear what that has to testify concerning it. Consider what you are, what
light you have had, and what means you have lived under: and yet how you
have behaved yourself! What have those many days and nights you have lived
been filled up with? How have those years that have rolled over your heads,
one after another, been spent? What has the sun shone upon you for, from day
to day, while you have improved his light to serve Satan by it? What has God
kept your breath in your nostrils for, and given you meat and drink, that
you have spent your life and strength, supported by them, in opposing God,
and rebellion against him?

How many sorts of wickedness have you not been guilty of! How manifold have
been the abominations of your life! What profaneness and contempt of God has
been exercised by you! How little regard have you had to the Scriptures, to
the word preached, to sabbaths, and sacraments! How profanely have you
talked, many of you, about those things that are holy! After what manner
have many of you kept God's holy day, not regarding the holiness of the
time, not caring what you thought of in it! Yea, you have not only spent the
time in worldly, vain, and unprofitable thoughts, but in immoral thoughts;
pleasing yourself with the reflection on past acts of wickedness, and in
contriving new acts. Have not you spent much holy time in gratifying your
lusts in your imaginations; yea, not only holy time, but the very time of
God's public worship, when you have appeared in God's more immediate
presence? How have you not only attended to the worship, but have in the
mean time been feasting your lusts, and wallowing yourself in abominable
uncleanness! How many sabbaths have you spent, one after another, in a most
wretched manner! Some of you not only in worldly and wicked thoughts, but
also a very wicked outward behavior! When you on sabbath-days have got along
with your wicked companions, how has holy time been treated among you! What
kind of conversation has there been! Yea, how have some of you, by a very
indecent carriage, openly dishonored and cast contempt on the sacred
services of God's house, and holy day! And what you have done some of you
alone, what wicked practices there have been in secret, even in holy time,
God and your own consciences know.

And how have you behaved yourself in the time of family prayer! And what a
trade have many of you made of absenting yourselves from the worship of the
families you belong to, for the sake of vain company! And how have you
continued in the neglect of secret prayer! Therein wilfully living in a
known sin, going abreast against as plain a command as any in the Bible!
Have you not been one that has cast off fear, and restrained prayer before
God?

What wicked carriage have some of you been guilty of towards your parents!
How far have you been from paying that honour to them which God has
required! Have you not even harboured ill-will and malice towards them? And
when they have displeased you, have wished evil to them? yea, and shown your
vile spirit in your behavior? and it is well if you have not mocked them
behind their backs; and, like the cursed Ham and Canaan, as it were, derided
your parents' nakedness instead of covering it, and hiding your eyes from
it. Have not some of you often disobeyed your parents, yea, and refused to
be subject to them? Is it not a wonder of mercy and forbearance, that the
proverb has not before now been accomplished on you, Proverbs 30:17. "The
eye that mocketh at his father, and refuseth to obey his mother, the ravens
of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it."

What revenge and malice have you been guilty of towards your neighbors! How
have you indulged this spirit of the devil, hating others, and wishing evil
to them, rejoicing when evil befell them, and grieving at others'
prosperity, and lived in such a way for a long time! Have not some of you
allowed a passionate furious spirit, and behaved yourselves in your anger
more like wild beasts than like Christians?

What covetousness has been in many of you! Such has been your inordinate
love of the world, and care about the things of it, that it has taken up
your heart; you have allowed no room for God and religion; you have minded
the world more than your eternal salvation. For the vanities of the world
you have neglected reading, praying and meditation; for the things of the
world, you have broken the sabbath: for the world you have spent a great
deal of your time in quarreling. For the world you have envied and hated
your neighbor; for the world you have cast God, and Christ, and heaven,
behind your back; for the world you have sold your own soul. You have as it
were drowned your soul in worldly cares and desires; you have been a mere
earth-worm, that is never in its element but when grovelling and buried in
the earth.

How much of a spirit of pride has appeared in you, which is in a peculiar
manner the spirit and condemnation of the devil! How have some of you
vaunted yourselves in your apparel! others in their riches! others in their
knowledge and abilities! How has it galled you to see others above you! How
much has it gone against the grain for you to give others their due honour!
And how have you shown your pride by setting up your wills and in opposing
others, and stirring up and promoting division, and a party spirit in public
affairs.

How sensual have you been! Are there not some here that have debased
themselves below the dignity of human nature, by wallowing in sensual
filthiness, as swine in the mire, or as filthy vermin feeding with delight
on rotten carrion? What intemperance have some of you been guilty of! How
much of your precious time have you spent at the tavern, and in drinking
companies, when you ought to have been at home seeking God and your
salvation in your families and closets!

And what abominable lasciviousness have some of you been guilty of! How have
you indulged yourself from day to day, and from night to night, in all
manner of unclean imaginations! Has not your soul been filled with them,
till it has become a hold of foul spirits, and a cage of every unclean and
hateful bird? What foul-mouthed persons have some of you been, often in lewd
and lascivious talk and unclean songs, wherein were things not fit to be
spoken! And such company, where such conversation has been carried on, has
been your delight. And with what unclean acts and practices have you defiled
yourself! God and your own consciences know what abominable lasciviousness
you have practised in things not fit to be named, when you have been alone;
when you ought to have been reading, or meditating, or on your knees before
God in secret prayer. And how have you corrupted others, as well as polluted
yourselves! What vile uncleanness have you practised in company! What
abominations have you been guilty of in the dark! Such as the apostle
doubtless had respect to in Ephesians 5:12. "For it is a shame even to speak
of those things that are done of them in secret." Some of you have corrupted
others, and done what in you lay to undo their souls, (if you have not
actually done it;) and by your vile practices and example have made room for
Satan, invited his presence, and established his interest, in the town where
you have lived.
What lying have some of you been guilty of, especially in your childhood!
And have not your heart and lips often disagreed since you came to riper
years? What fraud, and deceit, and unfaithfulness, have many of you
practised in your own dealings with your neighbours, of which your own heart
is conscious, if you have not been noted by others.

And how have some of you behaved yourselves in your family relations! How
have you neglected your children's souls! And not only so, but have
corrupted their minds by your bad examples; and instead of training them up
in the nurture and admonition of the Lord, have rather brought them up in
the devil's service!

How have some of you attended that sacred ordinance of the Lord's supper
without any manner of serious preparation, and in a careless slighty frame
of spirits, and chiefly to comply with custom! Have you not ventured to put
the sacred symbols of the body and blood of Christ into your mouth, while at
the same time you lived in ways of known sins, and intended no other than
still to go on in the same wicked practices? And, it may be, have sat at the
Lord's table with rancour in your heart against some of your brethren that
you have sat there with. You have come even to that holy feast of love among
God's children, with the leaven of malice and envy in your heart; and so
have eaten and drank judgment to yourself.

What stupidity and sottishness has attended your course of wickedness: which
has appeared in your obstinacy under awakening dispensations of God's word
and providence. And how have some of you backslidden after you have set out
in religion, and quenched God's Spirit after he had been striving with you!
And what unsteadiness, and slothfulness, and long misimprovement of God's
strivings with you, have you been chargeable with!

Now, can you think when you have thus behaved yourself, that God is obliged
to show you mercy? Are you not after all this ashamed to talk of its being
hard with God to cast you off? Does it become one who has lived such a life
to open his mouth to excuse himself, to object against God's justice in his
condemnation, or to complain of it as hard in God not to give him converting
and pardoning grace, and make him his child, and bestow on him eternal life?
Or to talk of his duties and great pains in religion, as if such
performances were worthy to be accepted, and to draw God's heart to such a
creature? If this has been your manner, does it not show how little you have
considered yourself, and how little a sense you have had of your own
sinfulness?

Secondly, Be directed to consider, if God should eternally reject and
destroy you, what an agreeableness and exact mutual answerableness there
would be between God so dealing with you, and your spirit and behaviour.
There would not only be an equality, but a similitude. God declares, that
his dealings with men shall be suitable to their disposition and practice.
Psalm 18:25, 26. "With the merciful man, thou wilt show thyself merciful;
with an upright man, thou wilt show thyself upright; with the pure, thou
wilt show thyself pure; and with the froward, thou wilt show thyself
froward." How much soever you dread damnation, and are affrighted and
concerned at the thoughts of it; yet if God should indeed eternally damn
you, you would be met with but in your own way; you would be dealt with
exactly according to your own dealing. Surely it is but fair that you should
be made to buy in the same measure in which you sell.

Here I would particularly show,- 1. That if God should eternally destroy
you, it would be agreeable to your treatment of God. 2. That it would be
agreeable to your treatment of Jesus Christ. 3. That it would be agreeable
to your behaviour towards your neighbours. 4. That it would be according to
your own foolish behaviour towards yourself.

I. If God should for ever cast you off, it would be exactly agreeable to
your treatment of him. That you may be sensible of this, consider,

1. You never have exercised the least degree of love to God; and therefore
it would be agreeable to your treatment of him, if he should never express
any love to you. When God converts and saves a sinner, it is a wonderful and
unspeakable manifestation of divine love. When a poor lost soul is brought
home to Christ, and has all his sins forgiven him, and is made a child of
God, it will take up a whole eternity to express and declare the greatness
of that love. And why should God be obliged to express such wonderful love
to you, who never exercised the least degree of love to him in all your
life? You never have loved God, who is infinitely glorious and lovely; and
why then is God under obligation to love you, who are all over deformed and
loathsome as a filthy worm, or rather a hateful viper? You have no
benevolence in your heart towards God; you never rejoiced in God's
happiness; if he had been miserable, and that had been possible, you would
have liked it as well as if he were happy; you would not have cared how
miserable he was, nor mourned for it, any more than you now do for the
devil's being miserable. And why then should God be looked upon as obliged
to take so much care for your happiness, as to do such great things for it,
as he doth for those that are saved? Or why should God be called hard, in
case he should not be careful to save you from misery? You care not what
becomes of God's glory; you are not distressed how much soever his honour
seems to suffer in the world: and why should God care any more for your
welfare? Has it not been so, that if you could but promote your private
interest, and gratify your own lusts, you cared not how much the glory of
God suffered? And why may not God advance his own glory in the ruin of your
welfare, not caring how much your interest suffers by it? You never so much
as stirred one step, sincerely making the glory of God your end, or acting
from real respect to him: and why then is it hard if God doth not do such
great things for you, as the changing of your nature, raising you from
spiritual death to life, conquering the powers of darkness for you,
translating you out of the kingdom of darkness into the kingdom of his dear
Son, delivering you from eternal misery, and bestowing upon you eternal
glory? You were not willing to deny yourself for God; you never cared to put
yourself out of your way for Christ; whenever any thing cross or difficult
came in your way, that the glory of God was concerned in, it has been your
manner to shun it, and excuse yourself from it. You did not care to hurt
yourself for Christ, whom you did not see worthy of it; and why then must it
be looked upon as a hard and cruel thing, if Christ has not been pleased to
spill his blood and be tormented to death for such a sinner.

2. You have slighted God; and why then may not God justly slight you? When
sinners are sensible in some measure of their misery, they are ready to
think it hard that God will take no notice of them; that he will see them in
such a lamentable distressed condition, beholding their burdens and tears,
and seem to slight it, and manifest no pity to them. Their souls they think
are precious: it would be a dreadful thing if they should perish, and burn
in hell for ever. They do not see through it, that God should make so light
of their salvation. But then, ought they not to consider, that as their
souls are precious, so is God's honour precious? The honour of the infinite
God, the great King of heaven and earth, is a thing of as great importance,
(and surely may justly be so esteemed by God,) as the happiness of you, a
poor little worm. But yet you have slighted that honour of God, and valued
it no more than the dirt under your feet. You have been told that such and
such things were contrary to the will of a holy God, and against his honour;
but you cared not for that. God called upon you, and exhorted you to be more
tender of his honour; but you went on without regarding him. Thus have you
slighted God! And yet, is it hard that God should slight you? Are you more
honourable than God, that he must be obliged to make much of you, how light
soever you make of him and his glory?

And you have not only slighted God in time past, but you slight him still.
You indeed now make a pretence and show of honouring him in your prayers,
and attendance on other external duties, and by sober countenance, and
seeming devoutness in your words and behaviour; but it if all mere
dissembling. That downcast look and seeming reverence, is not from any
honour you have to God in your heart, though you would have God take it so.
You who have not believed in Christ, have not the least jot of honour to
God; that show of it is merely forced, and what you are driven to by fear,
like those mentioned in Psalm 66:3. "Through the greatness of thy power
shall thine enemies submit themselves to thee." In the original it is,
"shall lie unto thee;" that is, yield feigned submission, and dissemble
respect and honour to thee. There is a rod held over you that makes you seem
to pay such respect to God. This religion and devotion, even the very
appearance of it, would soon be gone, and all vanish away, if that were
removed. Sometimes it may be you weep in your prayers, and in your hearing
sermons, and hope God will take notice of it, and take it for some honour;
but he sees it to be all hypocrisy. You weep for yourself; you are afraid of
hell; and do you think that is worthy of God to take much notice of you,
because you can cry when you are in danger of being damned; when at the same
time you indeed care nothing for God's honour.

Seeing you thus disregard so great a God, is it a heinous thing for God to
slight you, a little, wretched, despicable creature; a worm, a mere nothing,
and less than nothing; a vile insect, that has risen up in contempt against
the Majesty of heaven and earth?

3. Why should God be looked upon as obliged to bestow salvation upon you,
when you have been so ungrateful for the mercies he has bestowed upon you
already? God has tried you with a great deal of kindness, and he never has
sincerely been thanked by you for any of it. God has watched over you, and
preserved you, and provided for you, and followed you with mercy all your
days; and yet you have continued sinning against him. He has given you food
and raiment, but you have improved both in the service of sin. He has
preserved you while you slept; but when you arose, it was to return to the
old trade of sinning. God, notwithstanding this ingratitude, has still
continued his mercy; but his kindness has never won your heart, or brought
you to a more grateful behaviour towards him. It may be you have received
many remarkable mercies, recoveries from sickness, or preservations of your
life when exposed by accidents, when if you had died, you would have gone
directly to hell; but you never had any true thankfulness for any of these
mercies. God has kept you out of hell, and continued your day of grace, and
the offers of salvation, so long a time; while you did not regard your own
salvation so much as in secret to ask God for it. And now God has greatly
added to his mercy to you, by giving you the strivings of his Spirit,
whereby a most precious opportunity for your salvation is in your hands. But
what thanks has God received for it? What kind of returns have you made for
all this kindness? As God has multiplied mercies, so have you multiplied
provocations.

And yet now are you ready to quarrel for mercy, and to find fault with God,
not only that he does not bestow more mercy, but to contend with him,
because he does not bestow infinite mercy upon you, heaven with all it
contains, and even himself, for your eternal portion. What ideas have you of
yourself, that you think God is obliged to do so much for you, though you
treat him ever so ungratefully for his kindness wherewith you have been
followed all the days of your life.

4. You have voluntarily chosen to be with Satan in his enmity and opposition
to God; how justly therefore might you be with him in his punishment! You
did not choose to be on God's side, but rather chose to side with the devil,
and have obstinately continued in it, against God's often repeated calls and
counsels. You have chosen rather to hearken to Satan than to God, and would
be with him in his work. You have given yourself up to him, to be subject to
his power and government, in opposition to God; how justly therefore may God
also give you up to him, and leave you in his power, to accomplish your
ruin! Seeing you have yielded yourself to his will, to do as he would have
you, surely God may leave you in his hands to execute his will upon you. If
men will be with God's enemy, and on his side, why is God obliged to redeem
them out of his hands, when they have done his work? Doubtless you would be
glad to serve the devil, and be God's enemy while you live, and then to have
God your friend, and deliver you from the devil, when you come to die. But
will God be unjust if he deals otherwise by you? No, surely! It will be
altogether and perfectly just, that you should have your portion with him
with whom you have chosen to work; and that you should be in his possession
to whose dominion you have yielded yourself; and if you cry to God for
deliverance, he may most justly give you that answer. Judges 10:14. "Go to
the gods which you have chosen."

5. Consider how often you have refused to hear God's calls to you, and how
just it would therefore be, if he should refuse to hear you when you call
upon him. You are ready, it may be, to complain that you have often prayed,
and earnestly begged of God to show you mercy, and yet have no answer of
prayer: One says, I have been constant in prayer for so many years, and God
has not heard me. Another says, I have done what I can; I have prayed as
earnestly as I am able; I do not see how I can do more; and it will seem
hard if after all I am denied. But do you consider how often God has called,
and you have denied him? God has called earnestly, and for a long time; he
has called and called again in his word, and in his providence, and you have
refused. You was not uneasy for fear you should not show regard enough to
his calls. You let him call as loud and as long as he would; for your part,
you had no leisure to attend to what he said; you had other business to
mind; you had these and those lusts to gratify and please, and worldly
concerns to attend; you could not afford to stand considering of what God
had to say to you. When the ministers of Christ have stood and pleaded with
you, in his name, sabbath after sabbath, and have even spent their strength
in it, how little was you moved! It did not alter you, but you went on still
as you used to do; when you went away, you returned again to your sins, to
your lasciviousness, to your vain mirth, to your covetousness, to your
intemperance, and that has been the language of your heart and practice,
Exodus 5:2. "Who is the Lord, that I should obey his voice?" Was it no crime
for you to refuse to hear when God called? And yet is it now very hard that
God does not hear your earnest calls, and that though your calling on God be
not from any respect to him, but merely from self-love? The devil would beg
as earnestly as you, if he had any hope to get salvation by it, and a
thousand times as earnestly, and yet be as much of a devil as he is now. Are
your calls more worthy to be heard than God's? Or is God more obliged to
regard what you say to him, than you to regard his commands, counsels, and
invitations to you? What can be more justice than this, Proverbs 1:24, &c.
"Because I have called, and ye refused, I have stretched out my hand, and no
man regarded; but ye have set at nought all my counsel, and would none of my
reproof: I will also laugh at your calamity, I will mock when your fear
cometh; when your fear cometh as desolation, and your destruction cometh as
a whirlwind; when distress and anguish cometh upon you. Then shall they call
upon me, but I will not answer; they shall seek me early, but they shall not
find me."

6. Have you not taken encouragement to sin against God, on that very
presumption, that God would show you mercy when you sought it? And may not
God justly refuse you that mercy that you have so presumed upon? You have
flattered yourself, that though you did so, yet God would show you mercy
when you cried earnestly to him for it: how righteous therefore would it be
in God, to disappoint such a wicked presumption! It was upon that very hope
that you dared to affront the majesty of heaven so dreadfully as you have
done; and can you now be so sottish as to think that God is obliged not to
frustrate that hope?

When a sinner takes encouragement to neglect secret prayer which God has
commanded, to gratify his lusts, to live a carnal vain life, to thwart God,
to run upon him, and contemn him to his face, thinking with himself, "If I
do so, God would not damn me; he is a merciful God, and therefore when I
seek his mercy he will bestow it upon me;" must God be accounted hard
because he will not do according to such a sinner's presumption?

Cannot he be excused from showing such a sinner mercy when he is pleased to
seek it, without incurring the charge of being unjust; if this be the case,
God has no liberty to vindicate his own honour and majesty; but must lay
himself open to all manner of affronts, and yield himself up to the abuse of
vile men, though they disobey, despise, and dishonour him, as much as they
will; and when they have done, his mercy and pardoning grace must not be in
his own power and at his own disposal, but he must be obliged to dispense it
at their call. He must take these bold and vile contemners of his majesty,
when it suits them to ask it, and must forgive all their sins, and not only
so, but must adopt them into his family, and make them his children, and
bestow eternal glory upon them. What mean, low, and strange thoughts have
such men of God, who think thus of him! Consider, that you have injured God
the more, and have been the worse enemy to him, for his being a merciful
God. So have you treated that attribute of God's mercy! How just is it
therefore that you never should have any benefit of that attribute!

There is something peculiarly heinous in sinning against the mercy of God
more than other attributes. There is such base and horrid ingratitude, in
being the worse to God because he is a being of infinite goodness and grace,
that it above all things renders wickedness vile and detestable. This ought
to win us, and engage us to serve God better; but instead of that, to sin
against him the more, has something inexpressibly bad in it, and does in a
peculiar manner enhance guilt, and incense wrath; as seems to be intimated,
Romans 2:4, 5. "Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness, and
forbearance, and long-suffering; not knowing that the goodness of God
leadeth thee to repentance? But after thy hardness and impenitent heart,
treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of
the righteous judgment of God."

The greater the mercy of God is, the more should you be engaged to love him,
and live to his glory. But it has been contrariwise with you; the
consideration of the mercies of God being so exceeding great, is the thing
wherewith you have encouraged yourself in sin. You have heard that the mercy
of God was without bounds, that it was sufficient to pardon the greatest
sinner, and you have upon that very account ventured to be a very great
sinner. Though it was very offensive to God, though you heard that God
infinitely hated sin, and that such practices as you went on in were
exceeding contrary to his nature, will, and glory, yet that did not make you
uneasy; you heard that he was a very merciful God, and had grace enough to
pardon you, and so cared not how offensive your sins were to him. How long
have some of you gone on in sin, and what great sins have some of you been
guilty of, on that presumption! Your own conscience can give testimony to
it, that this has made you refuse God's calls, and has made you regardless
of his repeated commands. Now, how righteous would it be if God should swear
in his wrath, that you should never be the better for his being infinitely
merciful!

Your ingratitude has been the greater, that you have not only abused the
attribute of God's mercy, taking encouragement from it to continue in sin,
but you have also presumed that God would exercise infinite mercy to you in
particular; which consideration should have especially endeared God to you.
You have taken encouragement to sin the more, from that consideration, that
Christ came into the would and died to save sinners; such thanks has Christ
had from you, for enduring such a tormenting death for his enemies! Now, how
justly might God refuse that you should ever be the better for his Son's
laying down his life! It was because of these things that you put off
seeking salvation. You would take the pleasures of sin still longer,
hardening yourself because mercy was infinite, and it would not be too late,
if you sought it afterwards; now, how justly may God disappoint you in this,
and so order it that it shall be too late!

7. How have some of you risen up against God, and in the frame of your minds
opposed him in his sovereign dispensations! And how justly upon that account
might God oppose you, and set himself against you! You never yet would
submit to God; never willingly comply, that God should have dominion over
the world, and that he should govern it for his own glory, according to his
own wisdom. You, a poor worm, a potsherd, a broken piece of an earthen
vessel, have dared to find fault and quarrel with God. Isaiah 45:9. "Woe to
him that striveth with his Maker. Let the potsherd strive with the potsherds
of the earth: shall the clay say to him that fashioned it, What makest
thou?" But yet you have ventured to do it. Romans 9:20. "Who art thou, O
man, that repliest against God?" But yet you have thought you was big
enough; you have taken upon you to call God to an account, why he does thus
and thus; you have said to Jehovah, What dost thou?

If you have been restrained by fear from openly venting your opposition and
enmity of heart against God's government, yet it has been in you; you have
not been quiet in the frame of your mind; you have had the heart of a viper
within, and have been ready to spit your venom at God. It is well if
sometimes you have not actually done it, by tolerating blasphemous thoughts
and malignant risings of heart against him; yea, and the frame of your heart
in some measure appeared in impatient and fretful behaviour.- Now, seeing
you have thus opposed God, how just is it that God should oppose you! Or is
it because you are so much better, and so much greater than God, that it is
a crime for him to make that opposition against you which you make against
him? Do you think that the liberty of making opposition is your exclusive
prerogative, so that you may be an enemy to God, but God must by no means be
an enemy to you, but must be looked upon under obligation nevertheless to
help you, and save you by his blood, and bestow his best blessings upon you?

Consider how in the frame of your mind you have thwarted God in those very
exercises of mercy towards others that you are seeking for yourself. God
exercising his infinite grace towards your neighbours, has put you into an
ill frame, and it may be, set you into a tumult of mind. How justly
therefore may God refuse ever to exercise that mercy towards you! Have you
not thus opposed God showing mercy to others, even at the very time when you
pretended to be earnest with God for pity and help for yourself? Yea, and
while you was endeavouring to get something wherewith to recommend yourself
to God? And will you look to God still with a challenge of mercy, and
contend with him for it notwithstanding? Can you who have such a heart, and
have thus behaved yourself, come to God for any other than mere sovereign
mercy?

II. If you should for ever be cast off by God, it would be agreeable to your
treatment of Jesus Christ. It would have been just with God if he had cast
you off for ever, without ever making you the offer of a Saviour. But God
hath not done that; he has provided a Saviour for sinners, and offered him
to you, even his own Son Jesus Christ, who is the only Saviour of men. All
that are not for ever cast off are saved by him. God offers men salvation
through him, and has promised us, that if we come to him, we shall not be
cast off. But if you have treated, and still treat, this Saviour after such
a manner, that if you should be eternally cast off by God, it would be most
agreeable to your behaviour towards him; which appears by this, viz. "That
you reject Christ, and will not have him for your Saviour."

If God offers you a Saviour from deserved punishment, and you will not
receive him, then surely it is just that you should go without a Saviour. Or
is God obliged, because you do not like this Saviour, to provide you
another? He has given an infinitely honourable and glorious person, even his
only begotten Son, to be a sacrifice for sin, and so provided salvation; and
this Saviour is offered to you: now if you refuse to accept him, is God
therefore unjust if he does not save you? Is he obliged to save you in a way
of your own choosing, because you do not like the way of his choosing? Or
will you charge Christ with injustice because he does not become your
Saviour, when at the same time you will not have him when he offers himself
to you, and beseeches you to accept of him as your Saviour?

I am sensible that by this time many persons are ready to object against
this. If all should speak what they now think, we should hear a murmuring
all over the meeting-house, and one and another would say, "I cannot see how
this can be, that I am not willing that Christ should be my Saviour, when I
would give all the world that he was my Saviour: how is it possible that I
should not be willing to have Christ for my Saviour when this is what I am
seeking after, and praying for, and striving for, as for my life?"

Here therefore I would endeavour to convince you, that you are under a gross
mistake in this matter. And, First, I would endeavour to show the grounds of
your mistake. And Secondly, To demonstrate to you, that you have rejected,
and do wilfully reject, Jesus Christ.

First, That you may see the weak grounds of your mistake, consider,

1. There is a great deal of difference between a willingness not to be
damned, and a being willing to receive Christ for your Savior. You have the
former; there is no doubt of that: nobody supposes that you love misery so
as to choose an eternity of it; and so doubtless you are willing to be saved
from eternal misery. But that is a very different thing from being willing
to come to Christ: persons very commonly mistake the one for the other, but
they are quite two things. You may love the deliverance, but hate the
deliverer. You tell of a willingness; but consider what is the object of
that willingness. It does not respect Christ; the way of salvation by him is
not at all the object of it; but it is wholly terminated on your escape from
misery. The inclination of your will goes no further than self, it never
reaches Christ. You are willing not to be miserable; that is, you love
yourself, and there your will and choice terminate. And it is but a vain
pretence and delusion to say or think, that you are willing to accept of
Christ.

2. There is certainly a great deal of difference between a forced compliance
and a free willingness. Force and freedom cannot consist together. Now that
willingness, whereby you think you are willing to have Christ for a Saviour,
is merely a forced thing. Your heart does not go out after Christ of itself,
but you are forced and driven to seek an interest in him. Christ has no
share at all in your heart; there is no manner of closing of the heart with
him. This forced compliance is not what Christ seeks of you; he seeks a free
and willing acceptance, Psalm 110:3. "Thy people shall be willing in the day
of thy power." He seeks not that you should receive him against your will,
but with a free will. He seeks entertainment in your heart and choice.- And
if you refuse thus to receive Christ, how just is it that Christ should
refuse to receive you? How reasonable are Christ's terms, who offers to save
all those that willingly, or with a good will, accept of him for their
Saviour! Who can rationally expect that Christ should force himself upon any
man to be his Saviour? Or what can be looked for more reasonable, than that
all who would be saved by Christ, should heartily and freely entertain him?
And surely it would be very dishonourable for Christ to offer himself upon
lower terms.- But I would now proceed,

Secondly, To show that you are not willing to have Christ for a Saviour. To
convince you of it, consider,

1. How it is possible that you should be willing to accept of Christ as a
Saviour from the desert of a punishment that you are not sensible you have
deserved. If you are truly willing to accept of Christ as a Saviour, it must
be as a sacrifice to make atonement for your guilt. Christ came into the
world on this errand, to offer himself as an atonement, to answer for our
desert of punishment. But how can you be willing to have Christ for a
Saviour from a desert of hell, if you be not sensible that you have a desert
of hell? If you have not really deserved everlasting burnings in hell, then
the very offer of an atonement for such a desert is an imposition upon you.
If you have no such guilt upon you, then the very offer of a satisfaction
for that guilt is an injury, because it implies in it a charge of guilt that
you are free from. Now therefore it is impossible that a man who is not
convinced of his guilt can be willing to accept of such an offer; because he
cannot be willing to accept the charge which the offer implies. A man who is
not convinced that he has deserved so dreadful a punishment, cannot
willingly submit to be charged with it. If he thinks he is willing, it is
but a mere forced, feigned business; because in his heart he looks upon
himself greatly injured; and therefore he cannot freely accept of Christ,
under that notion of a Saviour from the desert of such a punishment; for
such an acceptance is an implicit owning that he does deserve such a
punishment.

I do not say, but that men may be willing to be saved from an undeserved
punishment; they may rather not suffer it, than suffer it. But a man cannot
be willing to accept one at God's hands, under the notion of a Saviour from
a punishment deserved from him which he thinks he has not deserved; it is
impossible that any one should freely allow a Saviour under that notion.
Such an one cannot like the way of salvation by Christ; for if he thinks he
has not deserved hell, then he will think that freedom from hell is a debt;
and therefore cannot willingly and heartily receive it as a free gift.- If a
king should condemn a man to some tormenting death, which the condemned
person thought himself not deserving of, but looked upon the sentence as
unjust and cruel, and the king, when the time of execution drew nigh, should
offer him his pardon, under the notion of a very great act of grace and
clemency, the condemned person never could willingly and heartily allow it
under that notion, because he judged himself unjustly condemned.

Now by this it is evident that you are not willing to accept of Christ as
your Saviour; because you never yet had such a sense of your own sinfulness,
and such a conviction of your great guilt in God 's sight, as to be indeed
convinced that you lay justly condemned to the punishment of hell. You never
was convinced that you had forfeited all favour, and was in God's hands, and
at his sovereign and arbitrary disposal, to be either destroyed or saved,
just as he pleased. You never yet was convinced of the sovereignty of God.
Hence are there so many objections arising against the justice of your
punishment from original sin, and from God's decree, from mercy shown to
others, and the like.

2. That you are not sincerely willing to accept of Christ as your Saviour,
appears by this, That you never have been convinced that he is sufficient
for the work of your salvation. You never had a sight or sense of any such
excellency or worthiness in Christ, as should give such great value to his
blood and his mediation with God, as that it was sufficient to be accepted
for such exceeding guilty creatures, who have so provoked God, and exposed
themselves to such amazing wrath. Saying it is so and allowing it be as
others say, is a very different thing from being really convinced of it, and
a being made sensible of it in your own heart. The sufficiency of Christ
depends upon, or rather consists in his excellency. It is because he is so
excellent a person that his blood is of sufficient value to atone for sin,
and it is hence that his obedience is so worthy in God's sight; it is also
hence that his intercession is so prevalent; and therefore those that never
had any spiritual sight or sense of Christ's excellency, cannot be sensible
of his sufficiency.

And that sinners are not convinced that Christ is sufficient for the work he
has undertaken, appears most manifestly when they are under great
convictions of their sin, and danger of God's wrath. Though it may be before
they thought they could allow Christ to be sufficient, (for it is easy to
allow any one to be sufficient for our defense at a time when we see no
danger,) yet when they come to be sensible of their guilt and God's wrath,
what discouraging thoughts do they entertain! How are they ready to draw
towards despair, as if there were no hope or help for such wicked creatures
as they! The reason is, They have no apprehension or sense of any other way
that God's majesty can be vindicated, but only in their misery. To tell them
of the blood of Christ signifies nothing, it does not relieve their sinking,
despairing hearts. This makes it most evident that they are not convinced
that Christ is sufficient to be their Mediator.- And as long as they are
unconvinced of this, it is impossible they should be willing to accept of
him as their Mediator and Saviour. A man in distressing fear will not
willingly betake himself to a fort that he judges not sufficient to defend
him from the enemy. A man will not willingly venture out into the ocean in a
ship that he suspects is leaky, and will sink before he gets through his
voyage.

3. It is evident that you are not willing to have Christ for your Saviour,
because you have so mean an opinion of him, that you durst not trust his
faithfulness. One that undertakes to be the Saviour of souls had need be
faithful; for if he fails in such a trust, how great is the loss! But you
are not convinced of Christ's faithfulness; as is evident, because at such
times as when you are in a considerable measure sensible of your guilt and
God's anger, you cannot be convinced that Christ is willing to accept of
you, or that he stands ready to receive you, if you should come to him,
though Christ so much invites you to come to him, and has so fully declared
that he will not reject you, if you do come; as particularly, John 6:37.
"Him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out." Now, there is no man
can be heartily willing to trust his eternal welfare in the hands of an
unfaithful person, or one whose faithfulness he suspects.

4. You are not willing to be saved in that way by Christ, as is evident,
because you are not willing that your own goodness should be set at nought.
In the way of salvation by Christ men's own goodness is wholly set at
nought; there is no account at all made of it. Now you cannot be willing to
be saved in a way wherein your own goodness is set at nought, as is evident,
since you make much of it yourself. You make much of your prayers and pains
in religion, and are often thinking of them; how considerable do they appear
to you, when you look back upon them! And some of you are thinking how much
more you have done than others, and expecting some respect or regard that
God should manifest to what you do. Now, if you make so much of what you do
yourself, it is impossible that you should be freely willing that God should
make nothing of it . As we may see in other things; if a man is proud of a
great estate, or if he values himself much upon his honourable office, or
his great abilities, it is impossible that he should like it, and heartily
approve of it, that others should make light of these things and despise
them.

Seeing therefore it is so evident, that you refuse to accept of Christ as
your Saviour, why is Christ to be blamed that he does not save you? Christ
has offered himself to you, to be your Saviour in time past, and he
continues offering himself still, and you continue to reject him, and yet
complain that he does not save you.- So strangely unreasonable, and
inconsistent with themselves, are gospel sinners!

But I expect there are many of you that still object. Such an objection as
this, is probably now in the hearts of many here present.

Objection. If I am not willing to have Christ for my Saviour, I cannot make
myself willing.- But I would give an answer to this objection by laying down
two things, that must be acknowledged to be exceeding evident.

1. It is no excuse, that you cannot receive Christ of yourself, unless you
would if you could. This is so evident of itself, that it scarce needs any
proof. Certainly if persons would not if they could, it is just the same
thing as to the blame that lies upon them, whether they can or cannot. If
you were willing, and then found that you could not, your being unable would
alter the case, and might be some excuse; because then the defect would not
be in your will, but only in your ability. But as long as you will not, it
is no matter, whether you have ability or no ability.

If you are not willing to accept of Christ, it follows that you have no
sincere willingness to be willing; because the will always necessarily
approves of and rests in its own acts. To suppose the contrary, would be to
suppose a contradiction; it would be to suppose that a man's will is
contrary to itself, or that he wills contrary to what he himself wills. As
you are not willing to come to Christ, and cannot make yourself willing, so
you have no sincere desire to be willing; and therefore may most justly
perish without a Saviour. There is no excuse at all for you; for say what
you will about your inability, the seat of your blame lies in your perverse
will, that is an enemy to the Saviour. It is in vain for you to tell of your
want of power, as long as your will is found defective. If a man should hate
you, and smite you in the face, but should tell you at the same time, that
he hated you so much, that he could not help choosing and willing so to do,
would you take it the more patiently for that? Would not your indignation be
rather stirred up the more?

2. If you would be willing if you could, that is no excuse, unless your
unwillingness to be willing be sincere. That which is hypocritical, and does
not come from the heart, but is merely forced, ought wholly to be set aside,
as worthy of no consideration; because common sense teaches, that what is
not hearty, but hypocritical is indeed nothing, being only a show of what is
not; but that which is good for nothing, ought to go for nothing. But if you
set aside all that is not free, and call nothing a willingness, but a free
hearty willingness, then see how the case stands, and whether or no you have
not lost all your excuse for standing out against the calls of the gospel.
You say you would make yourself willing to accept if you could; but it is
not from any good principle that you are willing for that. It is not from
any free inclination, or true respect to Christ, or any love to your duty,
or any spirit of obedience. It is not from the influence of any real
respect, or tendency in your heart, towards any thing good, or from any
other principle than such as is in the hearts of devils, and would make them
have the same sort of willingness in the same circumstances. It is therefore
evident, that there can be no goodness in that would be willing to come to
Christ: and that which has no goodness, cannot be an excuse for any badness.
If there be no good in it, then it signifies nothing, and weighs nothing,
when put into the scales to counterbalance that which is bad.

Sinners therefore spend their time in foolish arguing and objecting, making
much of that which is good for nothing, making those excuses that are not
worth offering. It is in vain to keep making objection. You stand justly
condemned. The blame lies at your door: Thrust it off from you as often as
you will, it will return upon you. Sew fig-leaves as long as you will, your
nakedness will appear. You continue wilfully and wickedly rejecting Jesus
Christ, and will not have him for your Saviour, and therefore it is sottish
madness in you to charge Christ with injustice that he does not save you.

Here is the sin of unbelief! Thus the guilt of that great sin lies upon you!
If you never had thus treated a Saviour, you might most justly have been
damned to all eternity: it would but be exactly agreeable to your treatment
of God. But besides this, when God, notwithstanding, has offered you his own
dear Son, to save you from this endless misery you had deserved, and not
only so, but to make you happy eternally in the enjoyment of himself, you
have refused him, and would not have him for your Saviour, and still refuse
to comply with the offers of the gospel; what can render any person more
inexcusable? If you should now perish for ever, what can you have to say?

Hereby the justice of God in your destruction appears in two respects:

1. It is more abundantly manifest that it is just that you should be
destroyed. Justice never appears so conspicuous as it does after refused and
abused mercy. Justice in damnation appears abundantly the more clear and
bright, after a wilful rejection of offered salvation. What can an offended
prince do more than freely offer pardon to a condemned malefactor? And if he
refuses to accept of it, will any one say that his execution is unjust?

2. God's justice will appear in your greater destruction. Besides the guilt
that you would have had if a Saviour never had been offered, you bring that
great additional guilt upon you, of most ungratefully refusing offered
deliverance. What more base and vile treatment of God can there be, than for
you, when justly condemned to eternal misery, and ready to be executed, and
God graciously sends his own Son, who comes and knocks at your door with a
pardon in his hand, and not only a pardon, but a deed of eternal glory; I
say, what can be worse, than for you, out of dislike and enmity against God
and his Son, to refuse to accept those benefits at his hands? How justly may
the anger of God be greatly incensed and increased by it! When a sinner thus
ungratefully rejects mercy, his last error is worse than the first; this is
more heinous than all his former rebellion, and may justly bring down more
fearful wrath upon him.

The heinousness of this sin of rejecting a Saviour especially appears in two
things:

1. The greatness of the benefits offered: which appears in the greatness of
the deliverance, which is from inexpressible degrees of corruption and
wickedness of heart and life, the least degree of which is infinitely evil;
and from misery that is everlasting; and in the greatness and glory of the
inheritance purchased and offered. Hebrews 2:3. "How shall we escape, if we
neglect so great salvation."

2. The wonderfulness of the way in which these benefits are procured and
offered. That God should lay help on his own Son, when our case was so
deplorable that help could be had in no mere creature; and that he should
undertake for us, and should come into the world, and take upon him our
nature, and should not only appear in a low state of life, but should die
such a death, and endure such torments and contempt for sinners while
enemies, how wonderful is it! And what tongue or pen can set forth the
greatness of the ingratitude, baseness, and perverseness there is in it,
when a perishing sinner that is in the most extreme necessity of salvation,
rejects it, after it is procured in such a way as this! That so glorious a
person should be thus treated, and that when he comes on so gracious an
errand! That he should stand so long offering himself and calling and
inviting, as he has done to many of you, and all to no purpose, but all the
while be set at nought! Surely you might justly be cast into hell without
one more offer of a Saviour! Yea, and thrust down into the lowest hell!
Herein you have exceeded the very devils; for they never rejected the offers
of such glorious mercy; no, nor of any mercy at all. This will be the
distinguishing condemnation of gospel-sinners, John 3:18. "He that believeth
not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the
only begotten Son of God."- That outward smoothness of your carriage towards
Christ, that appearance of respect to him in your looks, your speeches, and
gestures, do not argue but that you set him at nought in your heart. There
may be much of these outward shows of respect, and yet you be like Judas,
that betrayed the Son of man with a kiss; and like those mockers that bowed
the knee before him, and at the same time spit in his face.

III. If God should for ever cast you off and destroy you, it would be
agreeable to your treatment of others.- It would be no other than what would
be exactly answerable to your behaviour towards your fellow-creatures, that
have the same human nature, and are naturally in the same circumstances with
you, and that you ought to love as yourself. And that appears especially in
two things.

1. You have many of you been opposite in your spirit to the salvation of
others. There are several ways that natural men manifest a spirit of
opposition against the salvation of souls. It sometimes appears by a fear
that their companions, acquaintances, and equals, will obtain mercy, and so
become unspeakably happier than they. It is sometimes manifested by an
uneasiness at the news of what others have hopefully obtained. It appears
when persons envy others for it, and dislike them the more, and disrelish
their talk, and avoid their company, and cannot bear to hear their religious
discourse, and especially to receive warnings and counsels from them. And it
oftentimes appears by their backwardness to entertain charitable thoughts of
them, and by their being brought with difficulty to believe that they have
obtained mercy, and a forwardness to listen to any thing that seems to
contradict it. The devil hated to own Job's sincerity, Job 1:7, &c. and
chapter 2, verses 3, 4, 5. There appears very often much of this spirit of
the devil in natural men. Sometimes they are ready to make a ridicule of
others' pretended godliness; they speak of the ground of others' hopes, as
the enemies of the Jews did of the wall that they built. Nehemiah 4:3. "Now
Tobiah the Ammonite was by him, and he said, That which they build, if a fox
go up, he shall even break down their stone wall." There are many that join
with Sanballat and Tobiah, and are of the same spirit with them. There
always was, and always will be, an enmity betwixt the seed of the serpent
and the seed of the women. It appeared in Cain, who hated his brother,
because he was more acceptable to God than himself; and it appears still in
these times, and in this place. There are many that are like the elder
brother, who could not bear that the prodigal when he returned should be
received with such joy and good entertainment, and was put into a fret by
it, both against his brother that had returned, and his father that had made
him so welcome. Luke 15.

Thus have many of you been opposite to the salvation of others, who stand in
as great necessity of it as you. You have been against their being delivered
from everlasting misery, who can bear it no better than you; not because
their salvation would do you any hurt, or their damnation help you, any
otherwise than as it would gratify that vile spirit that is so much like the
spirit of the devil, who, because he is miserable himself, is unwilling that
others should be happy. How just therefore is it that God should be opposite
to your salvation! If you have so little love or mercy in you as to begrudge
your neighbour's salvation, whom you have no cause to hate, but the law of
God and nature requires you to love, why is God bound to exercise such
infinite love and mercy to you, as to save you at the price of his own
blood? you, whom he is no way bound to love, but who have deserved his
hatred a thousand and a thousand times? You are not willing that others
should be converted, who have behaved themselves injuriously towards you;
and yet, will you count it hard if God does not bestow converting grace upon
you that have deserved ten thousand times as ill of God, as ever any of your
neighbours have of you? You are opposite to God's showing mercy to those
that you think have been vicious persons, and are very unworthy of such
mercy. Is others' unworthiness a just reason why God should not bestow mercy
on them? And yet will God be hard, if, notwithstanding all your
unworthiness, and the abominableness of your spirit and practice in his
sight, he does not show you mercy? You would have God bestow liberally on
you, and upbraid not; but yet when he shows mercy to others, you are ready
to upbraid as soon as you hear of it; you immediately are thinking with
yourself how ill they have behaved themselves; and it may be your mouths on
this occasion are open, enumerating and aggravating the sins they have been
guilty of. You would have God bury all your faults, and wholly blot out all
your transgressions; but yet if he bestows mercy on others, it may be you
will take that occasion to rake up all their old faults that you can think
of. You do not much reflect on and condemn yourself for your baseness and
unjust spirit towards others, in your opposition to their salvation; you do
not quarrel with yourself, and condemn yourself for this; but yet you in
your heart will quarrel with God, and fret at his dispensations, because you
think he seems opposite to showing mercy to you. One would think that the
consideration of these things should for ever stop your mouth.

2. Consider how you have promoted others' damnation. Many of you, by the bad
examples you have set, by corrupting the minds of others, by your sinful
conversation, by leading them into or strengthening them in sin, and by the
mischief you have done in human society other ways that might be mentioned,
have been guilty of those things that have tended to others' damnation. You
have heretofore appeared on the side of sin and Satan, and have strengthened
their interest, and have been many ways accessary to others' sins, have
hardened their hearts, and thereby have done what has tended to the ruin of
their souls.- Without doubt there are those here present who have been in a
great measure the means of others' damnation. One man may really be a means
of others' damnation as well as salvation. Christ charges the scribes and
Pharisees with this, Matthew 23:13. "Ye shut up the kingdom of heaven
against men; for ye neither go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that
are entering, to go in." We have no reason to think that this congregation
has none in it who are cursed from day to day by poor souls that are roaring
out in hell, whose damnation they have been the means of, or have greatly
contributed to.- There are many who contribute to their own children's
damnation, by neglecting their education, by setting them bad examples, and
bringing them up in sinful ways. They take some care of their bodies, but
take little care of their poor souls; they provide for them bread to eat,
but deny them the bread of life, that their famishing souls stand in need
of. And are there no such parents here who have thus treated their children?
If their children be not gone to hell, no thanks to them; it is not because
they have not done what has tended to their destruction. Seeing therefore
you have had no more regard to others' salvation, and have promoted their
damnation, how justly might God leave you to perish yourself!

IV. If God should eternally cast you off, it would but be agreeable to your
own behaviour towards yourself; and that in two respects:

1. In being so careless of your own salvation. You have refused to take care
for your salvation, as God has counselled and commanded you from time to
time; and why may not God neglect it, now you seek it of him? Is God obliged
to be more careful of your happiness, than you are either of your own
happiness or his glory? Is God bound to take that care for you, out of love
to you, that you will not take for yourself, either from love to yourself,
or regard to his authority? How long, and how greatly, have you neglected
the welfare of your precious soul, refusing to take pains and deny yourself,
or put yourself a little out of your way for your salvation, while God has
been calling upon you! Neither your duty to God, nor love to your own soul,
were enough to induce you to do little things for your own eternal welfare;
and yet do you now expect that God should do great things, putting forth
almighty power, and exercising infinite mercy for it? You was urged to take
care for your salvation, and not to put it off. You was told that was the
best time before you grew older, and that it might be, if you would put it
off, God would not hear you afterwards; but yet you would not hearken; you
would run the venture of it. Now how justly might God order it so, that it
should be too late, leaving you to seek in vain! You was told, that you
would repent of it if you delayed; but you would not hear: how justly
therefore may God give you cause to repent of it, by refusing to show you
mercy now! If God sees you going on in ways contrary to his commands and his
glory, and requires you to forsake them, and tells you that they tend to the
destruction of your own soul, and therefore counsels you to avoid them, and
you refuse; how just would it be if God should be provoked by it,
henceforward to be as careless of the good of your soul as you are yourself!

2. You have not only neglected your salvation, but you have wilfully taken
direct courses to undo yourself. You have gone on in those ways and
practices which have directly tended to your damnation, and have been
perverse and obstinate it. You cannot plead ignorance; you had all the light
set before you that you could desire. God told you that you was undoing
yourself; but yet you would do it. He told you that the path you was going
in led to destruction, and counselled you to avoid it; but you would not
hearken. How justly therefore may God leave you to be undone! You have
obstinately persisted to travel in the way that leads to hell for a long
time, contrary to God's continual counsels and commands, till it may be at
length you are got almost to your journey's end, and are come near to hell's
gate, and so begin to be sensible of your danger and misery; and not account
it unjust and hard if God will not deliver you! You have destroyed yourself,
and destroyed yourself wilfully, contrary to God's repeated counsels, yea,
and destroyed yourself in fighting against God. Now therefore, why do you
blame any but yourself if you are destroyed? If you will undo yourself in
opposing God, and while God opposes you by his calls and counsels, and, it
may be too, by the convictions of his Spirit, what can you object against
it, if God now leaves you to be undone? You would have your own way, and did
not like that God should oppose you in it, and your way was to ruin your own
soul; how just therefore is it, if, now at length, God ceases to oppose you,
and falls in with you, and lets your soul be ruined; and as you would
destroy yourself, so should put to his hand to destroy you too! The ways you
went on in had a natural tendency to your misery: if you would drink poison
in opposition to God, and in contempt of him and his advice, who can you
blame but yourself if you are poisoned, and so perish? If you would run into
the fire against all restraints both of God's mercy and authority, you must
even blame yourself if you are burnt.

Thus I have proposed some things to your consideration, which, if you are
not exceeding blind, senseless, and perverse, will stop your mouth, and
convince you that you stand justly condemned before God; and that he would
in no wise deal hardly with you, but altogether justly, in denying you any
mercy, and in refusing to hear your prayers, though you pray never so
earnestly, and never so often, and continue in it never so long. God may
utterly disregard your tears and moans, your heavy heart, your earnest
desires, and great endeavours; and he may cast you into eternal destruction,
without any regard to your welfare, denying you converting grace, and giving
you over to Satan, and at last cast you into the lake that burns with fire
and brimstone, to be there to eternity, having no rest day or night, for
ever glorifying his justice upon you in the presence of the holy angels, and
in the presence of the Lamb.

Objection. But here many may still object, (for I am sensible it is a hard
thing to stop sinners' mouths,) "God shows mercy to others that have done
these things as well as I, yea, that have done a great deal worse than I."

Answer. 1. That does not prove that God is any way bound to show mercy to
you, or them either. If God bestows it on others, he does not so because he
is bound to bestow it: he might if he had pleased, with glorious justice,
have denied it them. If God bestows it on some, that does not prove that he
is bound to bestow it on any; and if he is bound to bestow it on none, then
he is not bound to bestow it on you. God is in debt to none; and if he gives
to some that he is not in debt to, because it is his pleasure, that does not
bring him into debt to others. It alters not the case as to you, whether
others have it, or have it not: you do not deserve damnation the less, than
if mercy never had been bestowed on any at all. Matthew 20:15. "Is thine eye
evil, because mine is good?"

2. If this objection be good, then the exercise of God's mercy is not in his
own right, and his grace is not his own to give. That which God may not
dispose of as he pleases, is not his own; for that which is one's own, is at
his own disposal: but if it be not God's own, then he is not capable of
making a gift or present of it to any one; it is impossible to give what is
a debt.- What is it that you would make of God? Must the great God be tied
up, that he must not use his own pleasure in bestowing his own gifts, but if
he bestows them on one, must be looked upon obliged to bestow them on
another? Is not God worthy to have the same right, with respect to the gifts
of his grace, that a man has to his money or goods? Is it because God is not
so great, and should be more in subjection than man, that this cannot be
allowed him? If any of you see cause to show kindness to a neighbour, do all
the rest of your neighbours come to you, and tell you, that you owe them so
much as you have given to such a man? But this is the way that you deal with
God, as though God were not worthy to have as absolute a property in his
goods, as you have in yours.

At this rate God cannot make a present of any thing; he has nothing of his
own to bestow: if he has a mind to show peculiar favour to some, or to lay
some particular persons under peculiar obligations to him, he cannot do it;
because he has no special gift at his own disposal. If this be the case, why
do you pray to God to bestow saving grace upon you? If God does not do
fairly to deny it you, because he bestows it on others, then it is not worth
your while to pray for it, but you may go and tell him that he has bestowed
it on others as bad or worse than you, and so demand it of him as a debt.
And at this rate persons never need to thank God for salvation, when it is
bestowed; for what occasion is there to thank God for that which was not at
his own disposal, and that he could not fairly have denied? The thing at
bottom is, that men have low thoughts of God, and high thoughts of
themselves; and therefore it is that they look upon God as having so little
right, and they so much. Matthew 20:15. "Is it not lawful for me to do what
I will with mine own?"

3. God may justly show greater respect to others than to you, for you have
shown greater respect to others than to God. You have rather chosen to
offend God than men. God only shows a greater respect to others, who are by
nature your equals, than to you; but you have shown a greater respect to
those that are infinitely inferior to God than to him. You have shown a
greater regard to wicked men than to God; you have honoured them more, loved
them better, and adhered to them rather than to him. Yea, you have honoured
the devil, in many respects, more than God: you have chosen his will and his
interest, rather than God's will and his glory: you have chosen a little
worldly pelf, rather than God: you have set more by a vile lust than by him:
you have chosen these things, and rejected God. You have set your heart on
these things, and cast God behind your back: and where is the injustice if
God is pleased to show greater respect to others than to you, or if he
chooses others and rejects you? You have shown greater respect to vile and
worthless things, and no respect to God's glory; and why may not God set his
love on others, and have no respect to your happiness? You have shown great
respect to others, and not to God, whom you are laid under infinite
obligations to respect above all; and why may not God show respect to
others, and not to you, who never have laid him under the least obligation?

And will you not be ashamed, notwithstanding all these things, still to open
your mouth, to object and cavil about the decrees of God, and other things
that you cannot fully understand. Let the decrees of God be what they will,
that alters not the case as to your liberty, any more than if God had only
foreknown. And why is God to blame for decreeing things? Especially since he
decrees nothing but good. How unbecoming an infinitely wise Being would it
have been to have made a world, and let things run at random, without
disposing events, or fore-ordering how they should come to pass? And what is
that to you, how God has fore-ordered things, as long as your constant
experience teaches you, that it does not hinder your doing what you choose
to do. This you know, and your daily practice and behaviour amongst men
declares that you are fully sensible of it with respect to yourself and
others. Still to object, because there are some things in God's
dispensations above your understanding, is exceedingly unreasonable. Your
own conscience charges you with great guilt, and with those things that have
been mentioned, let the secret things of God be what they will. Your
conscience charges you with those vile dispositions, and that base behaviour
towards God, that you would at any time most highly resent in your neighbour
towards you, and that not a whit the less for any concern those secret
counsels and mysterious dispensations of God may have in the matter. It is
in vain for you to exalt yourself against an infinitely great, and holy, and
just God. If you continue in it, it will be to your eternal shame and
confusion, when hereafter you shall see at whose door all the blame of your
misery lies.

I will finish what I have to say to natural men in the application of this
doctrine, with a caution not to improve the doctrine to discouragement. For
though it would be righteous in God for ever to cast you off, and destroy
you, yet it would also be just in God to save you, in and through Christ,
who has made complete satisfaction for all sin. Romans 3:25, 26. "Whom God
hath set forth to be a propitiation, through faith in his blood, to declare
his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the
forbearance of God; to declare, I say, at this time his righteousness, that
he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus." Yea,
God may, through this Mediator, not only justly, but honourably, show you
mercy. The blood of Christ is so precious, that it is fully sufficient to
pay the debt you have contracted, and perfectly to vindicate the Divine
Majesty from all the dishonour cast upon it, by these many great sins of
yours that have been mentioned. It was as great, and indeed a much greater
thing, for Christ to die, than it would have been for you and all mankind to
have burnt in hell to all eternity. Of such dignity and excellency is Christ
in the eyes of God, that, seeing he has suffered so much for poor sinners,
God is willing to be at peace with them, however vile and unworthy they have
been, and on how many accounts soever the punishment would be just. So that
you need not be at all discouraged from seeking mercy, for there is enough
in Christ.

Indeed it would not become the glory of God's majesty to show mercy to you,
so sinful and vile a creature, for any thing that you have done; for such
worthless and despicable things as your prayers, and other religious
performances. It would be very dishonourable and unworthy of God so to do,
and it is in vain to expect it. He will show mercy only on Christ's account;
and that, according to his sovereign pleasure, on whom he pleases, when he
pleases, and in what manner he pleases. You cannot bring him under
obligation by your works; do what you will, he will not look on himself
obliged. But if it be his pleasure, he can honourably show mercy through
Christ to any sinner of you all, not one in this congregation excepted.-
Therefore here is encouragement for you still to seek and wait,
notwithstanding all your wickedness; agreeable to Samuel's speech to the
children of Israel, when they were terrified with the thunder and rain that
God sent, and when guilt stared them in the face, 1 Samuel 12:20. "Fear not;
ye have done all this wickedness; yet turn not aside from following the
Lord, but serve the Lord with all your heart."

I would conclude this discourse by putting the godly in mind of the freeness
and wonderfulness of the grace of God towards them. For such were the same
of you.- The case was just so with you as you have heard; you had such a
wicked heart, you lived such a wicked life, and it would have been most just
with God for ever to have cast you off: but he has had mercy upon you; he
hath made his glorious grace appear in your everlasting salvation. You had
no love to God; but yet he has exercised unspeakable love to you. You have
contemned God, and set light by him: but so great a value has God's grace
set on you and your happiness, that you have been redeemed at the price of
the blood of his own Son. You chose to be with Satan in his service; but yet
God hath made you a joint heir with Christ of his glory. You was ungrateful
for past mercies; yet God not only continued those mercies, but bestowed
unspeakably greater mercies upon you. You refused to hear when God called;
yet God heard you when you called. You abused the infiniteness of God's
mercy to encourage yourself in sin against him; yet God has manifested the
infiniteness of that mercy, in the exercises of it towards you. You have
rejected Christ, and set him at nought; and yet he is become your Saviour.
You have neglected your own salvation; but God has not neglected it. You
have destroyed yourself; but yet in God has been your help. God has
magnified his free grace towards you, and not to others; because he has
chosen you, and it hath pleased him to set his love upon you.

O! what cause is here for praise! What obligations you are under to bless
the Lord who hath dealt bountifully with you, and magnify his holy name!
What cause for you to praise God in humility, to walk humbly before him.
Ezekiel 16:63. "That thou mayest remember and be confounded, and never open
thy mouth any more, because of thy shame, when I am pacified toward thee for
all that thou hast done, saith the Lord God!" You shall never open your
mouth in boasting, or self-justification; but lie the lower before God for
his mercy to you. You have reason, the more abundantly, to open your mouth
in God's praises, that they may be continually in your mouth, both here and
to all eternity, for his rich, unspeakable, and sovereign mercy to you,
whereby he, and he alone, hath made you to differ from others.