The Vinland Map Find Or Fraud?
D. Spencer Hines
competent to discuss the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
Further:
Pogue Gans continues to lie through his teeth about this important
matter:
"...Yale bought it without bothering to check with experts."
P. Jonathan Gans -- Radical Chic, Greenwich-Village Marxist, Proven Liar
And NYU Chemist.
Gans has been corrected on this MANY times -- yet he continues to LIE
about it. I'm calling him out on his LIES yet again.
Yale did NOT BUY the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
Paul Mellon bought them, reportedly for $300,000 in 1957, and only
donated them to Yale, AFTER they had been authenticated.
Only after seven years of scrutiny were the documents authenticated by
the experts and then donated by Paul Mellon to Yale's Beinecke Rare Book
Library.
They have been extensively checked by experts -- continuing to this day.
Read Hu McCullough's superb article.
Yale has been quite open and willing to have New Experts, with new
scientific techniques, examine and test the documents -- even to the use
of destructive techniques on part of the Vinland Map, in order to
determine the age of the paper.
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
"After this discovery, Skelton and Painter reconsidered their prior
doubts about the map, and became enthusiastic supporters. An anonymous
donor (later revealed to have been Paul Mellon) paid Mrs. Witten
approximately $300,000 for the two volumes and donated them to Yale
University's Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. In 1965, the
Yale University Press published, with much fanfare, a volume entitled
The Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation (VMTR) with extensive essays
supporting the authenticity of the map by Skelton, Marston, and Painter,
and an introduction by Alexander O. Vietor, curator of Maps at Yale's
Sterling Library.
These authors concluded that the map was made circa 1440, in conjunction
with the Council of Basel. The map has an agenda clearly calculated to
please the Catholic prelates assembled for the Council: Its captions
tell of the Carpini mission carrying the Faith to Tartary in the
Northeast, Bishop Eric Gnupsson visiting Vinland in the Northwest,
Prester John established in the Southeast, and even Saint Brendan
checking out the Antilles in the Southwest."
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
D. Spencer Hines
Lux et Veritas et Libertas
Vires et Honor
Bobby D. Bryant
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
Is an economist *really* the best source you can find on this topic?
--
Bobby Bryant
Austin, Texas
I.E_Johansson
as usual you forgotten to do your homework. What you have missed is that Hu
not only is a Professor of Economy but also one of the best respected
scholars when we are discussing Pre-Columbian contacts. Why he is that?
First of all he has good solid ground to stand on; secondly he is known to
be independent and carefully doing all needed checking(homework you know)
and presenting what he reached to regarding assumptions, conclusions as well
as questions rised, in a more objective way than most others.
I suggest to you Bobby that if you once in your life could achieve 1/10 of
Hu's qualities - you would be a very lucky and respected man. You haven't up
to now.
Inger E
"Bobby D. Bryant" <bdbr...@mail.utexas.edu> skrev i meddelandet
news:cviug5$bam$1...@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu...
george
Alaca
> It's probably the only nonkook site he could find
Or the only who let him in.
--
P.A.
george
Philip Deitiker
news:1109217879.6...@g14g2000cwa.googlegroups.com:
> DSH is a well known ***** in the naval groups
You mean like babe watch?
[pun on the word naval]
--
Philip
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
____Groups_____
Mol Anthro http://groups.yahoo.com/group/DNAanthro/
Pal Anthro http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Paleoanthro/
Arch. Aux http://groups.yahoo.com/group/sciarchauxilliary/
Gliadin Sci http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/GliadinScience/
____Sites_____
Mol. Evol. Hominids http://home.att.net/~DNAPaleoAnth/
Evol. of Xchrom. http://home.att.net/~DNAPaleoAnth/xlinked.htm
Eric Stevens
He may not be the best but he is one of the better ones.
Eric Stevens
Bobby D. Bryant
Thanks. Between kudos from Spencer and Inger, I really wasn't
expecting that.
Dom
D. Spencer Hines wrote:
> This is the material folks need to read to become even minimally
> competent to discuss the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
>
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
As I wrote under a previous thread, The Program Transcript of the 8
Feb. 2005 Nova program is available at:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3205_vinland.html
Domenico Rosa
Dom
...
> Yale did NOT BUY the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
>
> Paul Mellon bought them, reportedly for $300,000 in 1957, and only
> donated them to Yale, AFTER they had been authenticated.
>
> Only after seven years of scrutiny were the documents authenticated
> by the experts and then donated by Paul Mellon to Yale's Beinecke
> Rare Book Library.
The following is from Page 4 of the NOVA Program Transcript at:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3205_vinland.html
Domenico Rosa
---------------------------------------------
NARRATOR: It now appeared that the Vinland Map had once been part of a
medieval volume containing two authentic ancient documents. The map was
at the front of the volume, next came the Speculum Historiale, and
finally, the Tartar Relation. Bookworms had eaten through the
manuscripts, leaving the wormholes as evidence linking the map with the
Speculum and the Speculum with the Tartar Relation. Witten was
convinced. The Vinland Map was real.
Witten offered it for sale to Yale University. Alexander Vietor, the
curator of the map collection, turned to one of the university's
wealthiest and most generous alumni for help. Billionaire Paul Mellon
was intrigued by the idea that one map could radically rewrite history.
The exact price he paid has never been revealed, but in return for what
has been estimated as hundreds of thousands of dollars, according to
Alexander Vietor's wife Anna, Mellon set one crucial condition,
secrecy.
ANNA GLEN VIETOR (Alexander Vietor's Wife): Well, he wanted it to burst
on the world, and everybody would be thrilled, and this would change
all history. So my husband came back and said, "You've got to keep it a
secret and not tell anybody about it, because I'll be in great trouble
with Mellon."
Steve Marcus
"Bobby D. Bryant" <bdbr...@mail.utexas.edu> wrote in message
news:cvl1a4$fuv$1...@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu...
All one needs to know about Prof. McCulloch, is that this appears on his
website:
"Despite the McCrone claim that anatase crystals such as those found in the
VM ink do not appear in nature, Weaver (1976) reports that the TiO2 that is
commonly present in kaolinite clays consists mostly of rounded anatase
pellets, ranging from 0.05 to 0.20 microns in size, with 0.10 micron "being
a good average value" (p. 216). This is a remarkably close match to the
range of 0.03 to 0.5 micron and average value of 0.15 micron found by
McCrone on the VM (1988, p. 1011).
Furthermore, Weaver found that while these anatase pellets tend to cluster
together in clumps of 2-10 or more, they are often found in larger
aggregates composed of tightly packed pellets, ranging from 5 to 10 microns,
and occasionally up to 80 microns in diameter (p. 216). Weaver's naturally
occuring kaolin anatase aggregates thus correspond well in size with the
anatase-rich particles isolated and analyzed by the McCrones."
Check this website:
http://webexhibits.org/vinland/paper-towe90.html
and you will find that the whole point is *not* merely the size or he shape
of anatase pellets, which McCulloch relies on Weaver (presumably accurately)
as being the form of "most" of the anatase found in kaoloinite clays.
What's important is that the crystals are not clumped together. The link
has pictures on, and the pictures dramatically point out the difference
between the non-aggregated crystals found on the VM (only in the yellow
lines and in some of the black pigment adjacent to those lines) and anatase
"pellets" tending to clump or cluster together as per McCulloch's website.
See also:
http://webexhibits.org/vinland/paper-clark02.html
which discusses McCrone's finding as well.
In short, it's that the clumping together or aggregating of particles that
are all (not mostly) of uniform size and shape that distinguishes the
anatase on the VM from Weaver's naturally occuring anatase. That this seems
to have "gotten by" Prof. McCulloch appears to be clear.
>
> --
> Bobby Bryant
> Austin, Texas
Steve
--
The above posting is neither a legal opinion nor legal advice,
because we do not have an attorney-client relationship, and
should not be construed as either. This posting does not
represent the opinion of my employer, but is merely my personal
view. To reply, delete _spamout_ and replace with the numeral 3
I.E_Johansson
Nova's researchers are worse than the three scholars I normally categorize
as not doing a proper scholarly work. Because a program is called a
documentary that doesn't say that the information prensented are true.
Inger E
"Dom" <DR...@teikyopost.edu> skrev i meddelandet
news:1109279621.3...@z14g2000cwz.googlegroups.com...
I.E_Johansson
as we told you many times - there are much more substance in VM being from
1434 then you and the program you refer to ever will understand,
AND
up to 1939 an identical or the same map existed in Villa Medici together
with Nicholas of Thingeyre's map.... and some other interesting maps. Btw. I
know of at least one participating in Columbus voyages who saw the map in
1470's..... together with the report of the Tiundetaka, the tithes for
Greenland and Vinland. But that's an other story to be told in due time and
not here.
Inger E
"Dom" <DR...@teikyopost.edu> skrev i meddelandet
news:1109269275.3...@z14g2000cwz.googlegroups.com...
D. Spencer Hines
competent to discuss the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
Hu McCullough constantly updates it.
Further:
Pogue Gans continues to lie through his teeth about this important
matter:
"...Yale bought it without bothering to check with experts."
P. Jonathan Gans -- Radical Chic, Greenwich-Village Marxist, Proven Liar
And NYU Chemist.
Gans has been corrected on this MANY times -- yet he continues to LIE
about it. I'm calling him out on his LIES yet again.
Yale University did NOT BUY the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
Yale did not pay a dime for it.
Paul Mellon bought them, reportedly for $300,000 in 1957, and only
donated them to Yale, AFTER they had been authenticated -- SEVEN years
later in 1964.
While the documents were being examined by the experts, over those SEVEN
YEARS, Paul Mellon loaned them to the Yale University Library for
examination by qualified experts. Both British and American experts
participated in the authentication processes -- and experts are still
examining the documents.
So, what Gans writes above is TOTALLY FALLACIOUS -- and it is a LIE
because he has been told the truth before -- several times and KNOWS the
truth. But still he LIES. Why?
Because Gans works in the trenches at a third-rate university, NYU, and
he is very envious of Yale, a first-rate university. -- So in
compensation, as a rationalization, Gans wants to make it appear that
Faculty and Senior Staff at Yale are FOOLISH and have far too much money
to spend -- SO foolish they would pay $300,000 for documents that had
not been authenticated by experts.
Only after seven years of scrutiny were the documents authenticated by
the British and American experts and then donated by Paul Mellon to
Yale's Beinecke Rare Book And Manuscript Library.
Vide: VMTR 95, pp. vii-viii.
The documents, VM and TR, have been extensively checked by experts --
continuing to this day -- as new technologies and scientific techniques
are developed and applied.
Read Hu McCullough's superb article.
Yale has been quite open and willing to have New Experts, with new
scientific techniques, examine and test the documents -- even to the use
of destructive techniques on part of the Vinland Map, in order to
determine the age of the parchment.
ALICE PROCHASKA (Yale University Librarian): "We don't take a position
on the Vinland Map. I believe very strongly that we are here to make
material available for scholars to use. As far as it's being real or
fake is concerned, that is for the scholars who study it to determine."
Tom McDonald
I.E_Johansson wrote:
> Dom,
> Nova's researchers are worse than the three scholars I
normally categorize
> as not doing a proper scholarly work. Because a program is
called a
> documentary that doesn't say that the information presented
are true.
Johansson,
Did you see the NOVA program?
If so, tell us two or three _specific_ things that you find
incorrect with it. Note: no hand waving, no generalizations, no
accusing people of poor scholarship or "leaning" on non-primary
sources. Give us two things they got wrong, that we can check
for ourselves.
If not, you have no basis on which to make the claims (possibly
libelous, which is illegal you know) that you do. If you haven't
seen the episode, and you are basing your libel of them on
hear-say, then you have shown us, once again, that you cannot
practice what you preach.
--
Tom McDonald
http://ahwhatdoiknow.blogspot.com/
Paul Burke
> P. Jonathan Gans -- Radical Chic, Greenwich-Village Marxist, Proven Liar
> did NOT BUY donated them to Yale, AFTER t -- SEVEN years
>r those SEVEN
> YEARS, is TOTALLY FALLACIOUS -- and it is a LIE
> But still he LIES. are FOOLISH
It's a pity Usenet can't do green ink.
Paul Burke
David B
>
>http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
>
>"After this discovery, Skelton and Painter reconsidered their prior
>doubts about the map, and became enthusiastic supporters.
>"
Not so. That, as Kirsten Seaver makes clear in her book on the subject
"Maps, Myths and Men", is one of the big problems. Painter became an
enthusiastic supporter, but Skelton's writing and behaviour betrayed
considerable anxiety (and incidentally, even Larry Witten's revised 1980s
version of his part in the affair uses the excuse of illness to present a
number of heavy hints).
David B.
John Cartmell
wrote:
I think he may have alternated green and purple. TOTALLY FALLACIOUS sounds
very purple to me. ;-)
--
John Cartmell john@ followed by finnybank.com FAX +44 (0)8700-519-527
Qercus magazine & FD Games www.finnybank.com www.acornuser.com
Qercus - a fusion of Acorn Publisher & Acorn User magazines
Steve Marcus
"D. Spencer Hines" <pogue...@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:7GwTd.63$p%6....@eagle.america.net...
> This is the material folks need to read to become even MINIMALLY
> competent to discuss the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
>
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
>
> Hu McCullough constantly updates it.
All one needs to know about Prof. McCulloch, is that this appears on his
website:
Check this website:
http://webexhibits.org/vinland/paper-towe90.html
See also:
http://webexhibits.org/vinland/paper-clark02.html
are all (not mostly, as stated by Weaver per McCulloch) of uniform size and
shape that distinguishes the anatase on the VM from Weaver's naturally
occuring anatase. That this seems to have "gotten by" Prof. McCulloch
appears to be clear.
One wonders what else has gotten by him.
<snip off-topic squid ink>
>
> D. Spencer Hines
>
> Lux et Veritas et Libertas
>
> Vires et Honor
Yeah, rrriiiiggghttt.
martin reboul
"D. Spencer Hines" <pogue...@hotmail.com> wrote
> This is the material folks need to read to become even MINIMALLY
> competent to discuss the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
>
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
>
> Hu McCullough constantly updates it.
>
> Further:
>
> Pogue Gans ....
Yes, that's quite enough I think?
Never mind that silly old map Spency, I've been dying to know your opinion on
the Kensington Runestone. You are more enlightened on this matter than some of
the profane - what do you think?
Cheers
M^rtin
D. Spencer Hines
The Verdict Is Still Out....
Stupid, ignorant pogues such as Gans don't want to admit that.
The Burden of Proof is clearly on those who insist the Vinland Map is a
forgery.
Even an errant fool such as Gans should understand that -- but does
not -- because he wants to think Faculty and Senior Administrative Staff
at Yale are stupid, venal and gullible. It's a cover and salve for his
Inferiority Complex.
D. Spencer Hines
Lux et Veritas et Libertas
Vires et Honor
--------------
"Odd Erling N. Eriksen" <odd...@pvv.org> wrote in message
news:cvqh6u$87q$3...@orkan.itea.ntnu.no...
| In soc.history Alaca <P.A...@is.invalid> wrote:
|
| > Inger,
| > I take it that you haven't learnt how to deal in a scholarly way
| > with facts? You claim that Vinland Map is authentic - That's
| > not proven. NO WAY.
|
| >Sigh. Nowhere in the article you are responding to did she claim that
| >the Vinland Map is proven to be authentic - she only claims that it
| >is not proven to be false, which is a different matter altogether.
|
| To say that something is not proven is _not_ the same as to say that
| the opposite is proven.
|
| --
| 73 de LB1LF
|
| Odd Erling, ARK
D. Spencer Hines
The Vinland Map is not on vellum.
It is on parchment, perhaps derived from goat or sheep skins.
D. Spencer Hines
Lux et Veritas et Libertas
Vires et Honor
"Eric Stevens" <eric.s...@sum.co.nz> wrote in message
news:cra421dpa85iu0ik5...@4ax.com...
| That the vellum has been washed and treated with
| something is well known....
| Eric Stevens
D. Spencer Hines
The Vinland Map is not on vellum.
It is on parchment, perhaps derived from goat or sheep skins -- but not
from calves or vealers.
I.E_Johansson
goat skin.
Inger E
"D. Spencer Hines" <pogue...@hotmail.com> skrev i meddelandet
news:KPqUd.45$74....@eagle.america.net...
Steve Marcus
"D. Spencer Hines" <pogue...@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:7GwTd.63$p%6....@eagle.america.net...
> This is the material folks need to read to become even MINIMALLY
> competent to discuss the Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation.
>
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
>
> Hu McCullough constantly updates it.
That's good news. Perhaps if he updates it frequently enough, he may get it
right. As for now, all one needs to know about Prof. McCulloch's website re
the Vinland Map, is that the appears on his website:
Check this website:
http://webexhibits.org/vinland/paper-towe90.html
See also:
http://webexhibits.org/vinland/paper-clark02.html
In short, it's that the clumping together or aggregating of particles (as
opposed to a decided lack of clumping) that are "mostly" (as opposed to all)
of uniform size and shape that distinguishes the naturally occurring anatase
in kaoling clay as described by Weaver from the anatase on the VM, per
McCrone. That this seems
to have "gotten by" Prof. McCulloch, appears to be clear. It appears to
also have gotten by you.
<balance snipped>
> D. Spencer Hines
>
> Lux et Veritas et Libertas
>
> Vires et Honor
>
D. Spencer Hines
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
DSH
--------------------
"Conclusions and Outstanding Issues"
"The anatase titanium dioxide particles found on the Vinland map by
Walter and Lucy McCrone (1974, 1988, 1998) and by Katherine Brown and
Robin Clark (2002) are consistent with naturally occurring anatase
particles appearing in kaolin clays per Charles Weaver (1976) and Enver
Murad (1997), could have been produced as a byproduct of medieval ink
production per Jacqueline Olin (2000, 2003), and could even be due to
the conservatorial transfer mechanism proposed by Enterline (2002).
Although the unusual VM ink deserves further study and comparison, there
is at present no technical reason to reject its purported age.
Despite his best efforts at discrediting the Vinland Map, Douglas
McNaughton's widely-read paper in the Smithsonian's recent Vikings
volume (2000) actually works to vindicate the map, by calling attention
to a link between it and the 1503-5 world map of Niccolo Canerio.
The numerous errors on the Canerio Map and its predecessor the Cantino
Map in depicting Greenland and Labrador-Newfoundland, relative to their
precise equirectangular projection system, are most easily explained if
Portuguese cartographers copied these features from a map of the North
Atlantic containing information very similar to that on the Vinland Map
itself.
Although Paul Saenger's 1998 review article in _Imago Mundi_ raises some
interesting points, upon close scrutiny his specifically paleographic
and orthographic arguments by no means discredit the Map.
Nevertheless, Saenger's and Barbara Shailor's (1987) contention that the
handwriting on the Map is different than that of the Tartar Relation is
a critical one, that should be looked into carefully by competent
experts.
Guzman's (2004) finding of a second Tartar Relation demonstrates beyond
the shadow of a doubt that the Yale TR itself is genuine, despite the
numerous misgivings raised by Maddison (1974). If the handwriting on
the TR and VM can be shown to be the same to within a forensic margin of
error, the VM would be proven genuine.
Seaver's new book _Maps, Myths and Men_ (2004) fails to make a
convincing case either that the map is a forgery or that Josef Fischer
was the culprit.
Nevertheless, her 1995 contention that the claim on the map that Lief
and Bjarni discovered Vinland "together" was based on a misunderstanding
in a 1765 work in German is still worthy of consideration."
---------------
D. Spencer Hines
convincing case either that the map is a forgery or that Josef Fischer
was the culprit."
"Nevertheless, her 1995 contention that the claim on the map that Lief
and Bjarni discovered Vinland "together" was based on a misunderstanding
in a 1765 work in German is still worthy of consideration."
Hu McCulloch
-------------------
And Yet:
"Seaver on Leifr and Bjarni"
"...This is certainly an intriguing finding. However, since the two
Icelandic Sagas already contain contradictory details, it would perhaps
not be entirely surprising if Bishop Eric Gnupsson found yet a third,
slightly different version of the story circulating in Greenland itself.
The issue of Leifr and Bjarni allegedly sailing together was in fact
discussed extensively at the 1966 VM conference, and caused Viking
scholar Gwyn Jones, for one, "no anxiety" (PVMC, p. 127).
Erik Wahlgren entitled his contribution to PVMC "The Companions Bjarni
and Leif," but found no more problem with the map's having them sailing
together than with its conflation of Helluland, Markland and Vinland
together into one tripartite "Vinilanda."...
Hu McCulloch
--------------------
Alaca
[top posting corrected]
> "D. Spencer Hines" skrev
>> You are misinformed.
>> The Vinland Map is not on vellum.
>> It is on parchment, perhaps derived from goat or sheep skins.
>> D. Spencer Hines
>>
>> "Eric Stevens" wrote
>>
>>> That the vellum has been washed and treated with
>>> something is well known....
>>> Eric Stevens
> DSH,
> goat skin.
> Inger E
==================================
Three links to identification and restauration:
____________________________________________________________
*Identification of parchment*
Goat The hair follicles in goatskin hair enter the skin at a shallow
angle and tend to group together in threes, with the groups of
follicles forming wavy lines across the skin.
Sheep True sheepskin has no hair in it, and therefore no hair follicles.
The surface of the skin is uneven and often has a rather waxy
appearance, sometime pigmented on the hairside and white on
the fleshside.
Hairsheep Hairsheep often looks like sheep, but has hair follicles
scattered across its surface, showing that it is not 100% sheep.
If you are sure that a skin is either sheep or goat but cannot be
sure which, then you can mark it as hairsheep.
Calf Calf is unlikely to be found in this collection, but is identified
by an even scatter of single dot-like hair follicles over its
surface, which do not form any sort of pattern.
Source:
http://www.arts.ac.uk/research/stcatherines/documents/manual20050110.pdf
____________________________________________________________
*Consolidants Used in Manuscript Conservation*
In choosing a consolidant, all aspects of its appropriateness must be
considered, such as its surface appearance, adhesive strength, working
characteristics, and its effect upon the pigments, colorants, and media
being treated. Unlike tempera (that is, egg emulsion) paintings, the media
used in manuscript paintings and writing inks on parchment can remain water
soluble after drying.
Among the many non-aqueous consolidants that have been suggested in the last
ten years for flaking or friable media on parchment are: methyl
methacrylate; methyl cellulose in ethanol; cellulose acetate; methyl
cellulose in methylene/methanol chloride for text inks; Plexigum P-24, a
synthetic resin; and in Russia, "Ftorolon" and "VA 2 EHA," a synthetic
resin. Thirty years ago, microcrystalline wax, beeswax mixed with dammar
resin, and soluble nylon were used to consolidate flake losses in manuscript
illumination, but they are no longer used.
Gelatin or parchment size have been the aqueous consolidants most generally
used to treat flaking pigments and inks on parchment. These consolidants
have to be used sparingly so as not to dissolve medium-rich pigments, like
an organic glaze or a granular paint film. On the other hand, a non-aqueous
consolidant is potentially reversible, will not dissolve a water soluble
medium, and is less hygroscopic but can leave a shiny, synthetic-looking
residue and can overpenetrate and hence darken the skin. Caution must be
used with both types of consolidant, so as not to saturate matte colors and
change the reflectance, color, or surface gloss of the pigment. Furthermore,
one question that has yet to be studied is whether our applying a localized
consolidant might, in a microscopic way, be repeating the problem that was
unforeseen by the manuscript illuminator when he or she painted a thin
organic glaze over a different pigment, and which today appears as the cause
of certain flake loss.
Source:
http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/waac/wn/wn16/wn16-1/wn16-108.html
____________________________________________________________
*Technology and restoration of book iluminations*
*Bibliography 1996*
http://mujweb.cz/Kultura/barbora-hrebickova/bibliografie/iluminace.html
____________________________________________________________
--
- Peter Alaca -
Steve Marcus
> Hu McCulloch:
>
> http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
>
> DSH
> --------------------
>
> "Conclusions and Outstanding Issues"
>
> "The anatase titanium dioxide particles found on the Vinland map by
> Walter and Lucy McCrone (1974, 1988, 1998) and by Katherine Brown and
> Robin Clark (2002) are consistent with naturally occurring anatase
> particles appearing in kaolin clays per Charles Weaver (1976) and Enver
> Murad (1997), could have been produced as a byproduct of medieval ink
> production per Jacqueline Olin (2000, 2003), and could even be due to
> the conservatorial transfer mechanism proposed by Enterline (2002).
Nope. He's wrong. I explained why. You ducked answering the explanation.
Seems you can't rebut the explanation, can you.
<balance snipped>
Steve
> ---------------
>
> D. Spencer Hines
>
> Lux et Veritas et Libertas
>
> Vires et Honor
>
Steve
David B.
>Hu McCulloch:
>
>Seaver's new book _Maps, Myths and Men_ (2004) fails to make a
>convincing case either that the map is a forgery or that Josef Fischer
>was the culprit.
As I suggested in my first comments about Seaver's book, last summer, it
seems as if she didn't feel the need to make a case for the map as forgery,
because attempts to refute the existing case against the map had been
overturned. Most commentators seem to agree that she should not have become
so attached to her idea about Fischer, but the great strength of her book
is its portrayal of the machinations which made so many people believe the
fake was real.
David B.
David B.
>You are misinformed.
>
>The Vinland Map is not on vellum.
>
>from calves or vealers.
Once again, DSH provides inspiration!
In the official 1965 book, Thomas Marston stated that, as above, the Map
was drawn on parchment. In fact, nobody has identified the material with
certainty. One reason for the uncertainty is that, as D.B. Quinn of the
Viking Society observed in 1966 it is "strikingly different in appearance
from the parchment leaves in the Vincent of Beauvais and the Tartar
Relation. A great deal of natural surface has, seemingly, been removed; the
material is unusually translucent"...
I indicated a few days ago that Marston's co-author Raleigh A. Skelton
seemed less-than-enthusiastic in his support for the map, and this business
of parchment v vellum provides what may be another example. In that
notorious 1965 Yale book, Marston calls it parchment, Skelton (repeatedly)
calls it vellum. Until now, I had though this probably just a small
disagreement- but it now occurs to me that maybe it was another of
Skelton's cries of conscience, urging people to take a really close look at
the substance on which the map was drawn.
David B.
D. Spencer Hines
DSH
-------------
The C-14 Date Of The Vinland Map
"As noted above, Donahue, Olin and Harbottle (2002) determined the
radiocarbon age of a sliver of the parchment taken from the bottom of
the map to be AD 1434 plus or minus 11 years.
Although this confirms that the parchment is indeed as old as the SH and
TR, it does leave open the possibility that a modern forger found two
connected pages of blank parchment in the SH+TR or a similarly dated
volume, and drew the map on these.
However, this possibility is rather remote, since the wormholes in the
VM parchment strongly indicate that it originally was at the front of
the SH+TR volume.
Manuscripts, including the Yale TR itself, often do have blank pages at
the back end. However, a blank leaf at the front of the first folio
would ordinarily be connected to a written leaf at the back of the same
folio. The bookbinder might have added a bifolium of blank flyleaves at
the front, but ordinarily these would have been in a much coarser
material than was used for the manuscript itself.
Since the writing on the map has been actually chewed through by the
bookworms, the hypothetical forger would have had to have acquired live
bookworms per Lopez (PVMC, p. 31 n. 1), and placed them together with
the freshly drawn map in its original configuration between the SH+TR
front cover and the SH in order to generate the aligning wormholes.
He or she then unaccountably rebound the VM+TR separately from the SH in
order to prevent the alignment of the carefully made wormholes from
being noticed except through the impulse purchase of the SH on Marston's
part, and then even took the trouble to conceal the aligning holes in
the original front cover with a paste-down.
It would be far simpler simply to believe that the map is a genuine 15th
century production.
One unexpected finding of the Donahue et al. study was that some 20-30%
of the mass of their sample was an organic substance of modern
(post-1950) origin. It was only after removing this substance with
acetone that they obtained their medieval date on the parchment itself.
Apparently this modern substance is a varnish or similar material
applied in an attempt at preserving the map sometime shortly before it
was first shown to the British Museum.
McCrone, who was not aware that the map had undergone such a treatment,
noted that under his initial examination of the map with a stereo
microscope, he found that "The black ink line was bordered by a
yellowish discoloration which was at first assumed to be the stain
normally resulting from discoloration by ink components having migrated
into the fibers over time."
"During sampling, however, this yellow discoloration was observed to
have body, unlike a stain. It could be removed as tiny fragments with a
fine-tipped tungsten needle while viewing the map with a stereo
microscope at 20-60X." (1988, p. 1011)
After finding tiny anatase clusters in these fragments, he concluded (p.
1015) that a post-1917 forger painted the yellow line and then added the
black line on top of it in order to give the manuscript the appearance
of age.
However, this paint-like property of the yellow line that McCrone found
to be so suspicious could simply be the effect of the modern organic
substance that Donahue et al. found had been applied to the map
post-1950. It would therefore be useful to see if similar fragments can
be lifted off the map's uninked areas."
Hu McCulloch
http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/jhm/arch/vinland/vinland.htm
--------------------------------
D. Spencer Hines
"Presented to the university by Paul Mellon (Class of 1929)‚ the Yale
Center for British Art houses the largest and most comprehensive
collection of British art outside the United Kingdom.
The collection of paintings‚ sculpture‚ drawings‚ prints‚ rare books‚
and manuscripts reflects the development of British art‚ life‚ and
thought from the Elizabethan period onward.
The Center offers a year-round schedule of exhibitions and educational
programs‚ including films‚ concerts‚ lectures‚ tours‚ and special
events.
It also provides numerous opportunities for scholarly research‚ such as
residential fellowships. Academic resources of the Center include the
Reference Library and Photo Archive‚ Conservation Laboratory‚ and Study
Room for examining works on paper.
An affiliated institution in London‚ the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies
in British Art‚ awards grants and fellowships‚ publishes academic
titles‚ and sponsors Yale’s only credit-granting undergraduate study
abroad program‚ Yale-in-London."
-----------------------
Paul Mellon, 1907-1999
"Multi-billionaire philanthropist, art connoisseur and administrator of
a 3rd generation American empire Paul Mellon died February 1st 1999.
Mellon, the son and heir of American industrialist Andrew Mellon and
co-founder of the National Gallery of Art as well as numerous museums
and schools, was 91 years old.
Paul Mellon was born on June 11th, 1907 in Pittsburgh, PA into a family
that in America might be equated with royalty.
The son of Andrew W. Mellon and English-born "child bride" Nora McMullen
Mellon, Paul was born to the powerful business magnate late in his life-
nearly 50, after a sister, Ailsa (1901).
Andrew Mellon was a driven businessman, who parlayed the banking house
he inherited from his father in the late 1800s into a huge business
empire, founding the Union Trust Company, Gulf Oil, Pittsburgh Coal, and
the Aluminum Company of America.
It was a Mellon company that built the Panama Canal Locks, and it was
Andrew Mellon, who served as U.S. Secretary of the treasury through 3
presidential administrations (1921-1932) who oversaw the repayment of
Europe's World War I debts to the federal government. The elder Mellon
divorced his wife Nora when Paul was 5 years old, and as a child he
spent much time with his mother in her native England. ******
With his life divided between his parents, Paul Mellon received a
largely American education, Andrew Mellon enrolling his son and heir to
his financial and industrial empire in Connecticut's Choate Hall
preparatory school.
Paul Mellon received a Bachelor of Arts degree (1929) from Yale
University before he moved on to Cambridge University in England, where
he received a Bachelors and Masters of Arts (and later an honorary
doctorate) in Law by 1938.
Married at 28 to Mary Conover, by the age of 30 Paul Mellon found
himself the heir and administrator of the Mellon family fortune and
business empire when Andrew Mellon died in 1937.
Groomed nearly from infancy to succeed his father in his business and
philanthropic ventures, Paul Mellon had from his youth been shouldering
many of the responsibilities of a business partner, and been instilled
with a sense of quiet modesty, dignity, and charity. Mellon was keenly
aware of the number of people affected by his business decisions and
endowments, remarking to a Washington Post columnist that it "was
possible to do as much harm as good, giving money away" and that
philanthropy was often a complicated and heart-testing business. ******
Paul Mellon's first duty in his long career of philanthropic works was
to oversee the completion of the National Gallery of Art museum, which
he had co-founded with his father.
The NGA was created around a nucleus of the immense collection of works
donated by Andrew Mellon, and was over the years augmented by donations
from Paul, who acted as its president for decades.
The NGA was dedicated in 1941, as Paul Mellon had temporarily shelved
his philanthropic and business duties to serve his country in World War
II. Mellon served in the US Army as a cavalry officer at Fort Riley,
Kansas from 1941-1943 and from 1943-4945 served as a member of the
Strategic Services, stationed primarily throughout his tour of duty in
London. The young head of the Mellon legacy enjoyed only a very briefly
happy homecoming, his young wife, Mary Conover Mellon, passing away in
1946 from respiratory illness and leaving behind her husband and 2
children, Catherine and Timothy. A frail woman, Mary Mellon had
suffered throughout her life from asthma and nervous conditions, which
had caused her devoted husband to consult celebrated analyst Carl G.
Jung.
Mellon remarried in 1948, his union with Rachel Lambert Lloyd, who he
affectionately referred to as "Bunny," lasting until his death.
Bunny Mellon was an integral part of her husband's efforts as a
collector and staunch supporter of his charitable works. Mellon divided
his time between the rigorous schedule of supervising the many Mellon
trusts charities and endowment programs, the family businesses, and his
family, as well as his passion for horses. Mellon was a highly
respected and successful breeder of thoroughbreds, his horses taking 3
Triple Crown races during his lifetime: the 1993 Kentucky Derby and 2
Belmont Stakes, in 1964 and 1969.
Mellon was additionally a personal collector of art and particularly
equestrian subjects, many of which he donated to the Virginia Museum of
Fine Arts at Richmond and the U.S. Cavalry Museum.
In addition to the National Gallery of Art , Mellon established the Yale
Center for British Art , and was the anonymous creator of many
university and ethnic museums and collections, including the African
Museum of Art.
The quiet billionaire, whose motto was rumored to have been "To those to
whom much is given, much is required in return" established the Cape
Hatteras National Seashore, and funded and anonymously gifted
innumerable arts and education programs.
A private and refined yet unassuming man, Mellon was known for his
grace, reserve and dignity and courtly manners, whether he was meeting
with writers of Forbes magazine or fellow hippophiles. More eager to
discuss his horses or art than himself, Mellon finally published his
autobiography, "Reflections in a Silver Spoon " in 1992.
Paul Mellon's generous works were honored with the rank of Honorary
Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire, an award for
distinguished service to the arts from the National Institute of Arts
and Letters among others and a number of honorary degrees from
universities.
Mellon held honorary doctorates from his alumnus, Yale, as well as Clare
College-Cambridge, Oxford, The Carnegie Institute, and held position as
honorary fellow of Berkley-Yale, St. John's College-Annapolis, and
London's Royal Society of Arts.
Paul Mellon had been suffering from an undisclosed cancer for several
years before his death, which came on February 1st, 1999 at Oak Spring,
his Upperville, Virginia, Home.
Paul Mellon, who had devoted his life to charity and giving generously
of himself and his fortune to others, in death left bequeathments,
grants, and memorial gifts which will continue his good works for years
to come.
Paul Mellon was preceded in death by his sister Ailsa Mellon Bruce in
1969. He is survived by his wife of over 50 years, "Bunny" Rachel
Lambert Lloyd Mellon, daughter Catherine, son Timothy, 2 granddaughters
and a grandson."
---------------------------------------
David B.
>
>Paul Mellon, 1907-1999
>
>"Multi-billionaire philanthropist, art connoisseur and administrator of
>a 3rd generation American empire Paul Mellon died February 1st 1999.
>
>Mellon, the son and heir of American industrialist Andrew Mellon and
>co-founder of the National Gallery of Art as well as numerous museums
>and schools, was 91 years old.
>
>Paul Mellon was born on June 11th, 1907 in Pittsburgh, PA into a family
>that in America might be equated with royalty.
A really swell guy- so wonderful that respected scholars risked their
reputations just to please him when asked to authenticate the fake Vinland
Map without the normal specialist consultation.
David B.
D. Spencer Hines
University.
DSH
----- Original Message -----
From: "Inger E. Johansson" <inger_e....@telia.com>
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology,soc.history.medieval
Sent: Friday, March 04, 2005 11:34 AM
Subject: Update VM-map
| ""Before Columbus? The Mystery of the Vinland Map
| April 12, 2005
| Tuesday, 4:00 p.m.
| Knight Auditorium, Spurlock Museum
| 600 South Gregory, Urbana
| University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
|
| Garman Harbottle
| Senior Chemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory"
| Source <http://www.cas.uiuc.edu/casmillercomm.html>
| ------------
| If only one had had a chance to be there....
| Inger E
I.E_Johansson
Didn't know that it was his.
Have a nice weekend.
Inger E
"D. Spencer Hines" <pogue...@hotmail.com> skrev i meddelandet
news:E31Wd.296$74....@eagle.america.net...
D. Spencer Hines
You too.
Spencer
"I.E_Johansson" <inger_e....@telia.com> wrote in message
news:Db1Wd.18874$d5.1...@newsb.telia.net...