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The four main factors are used in describing a bridge. By combining
these terms one may give a general description of most bridge types.
• span (simple, continuous, cantilever),
• material (stone, concrete, metal, etc.),
• placement of the travel surface in relation to the structure (deck,
through),
• form (beam, arch, truss, etc.)

The three basic types of spans are – simple spans, continuous spans
and cantilever spans. Any of these spans may be constructed using
beams, girders or trusses. Arch bridges are either simple or
continuous (hinged). A cantilever bridge may also include a suspended
span.

Examples of the three common surface configurations are – Deck, Pony
and Through. In a Deck configuration, traffic travels on top of the
main structure; in a Pony configuration, traffic travels between
parallel superstructures which are not cross-braced at the top; in a
Through configuration, traffic travels through the superstructure
(usually a truss) which is cross-braced above and below the traffic.

Simple deck beam bridges are usually metal or reinforced concrete.
Other beam and girder types are constructed of metal. The end section
of the two deck configuration shows the cross-bracing commonly used
between beams. The pony end section shows knee braces which prevent
deflection where the girders and deck meet.

A truss is a structure made of many smaller parts. Once constructed of
wooden timbers, and later including iron tension members, most truss
bridges are built of metal. Types of truss bridges are also identified
by the terms deck, pony and through which describe the placement of
the travel surface in relation to the superstructure. The king post
truss is the simplest type; the queen post truss adds a horizontal top
chord to achieve a longer span, but the center panel tends to be less
rigid due to its lack of diagonal bracing.

Should you have any queries or need more information on bridge truss
design and construction, please feel free to contact us. Email us at
in...@outsourcestructuraldrafting.com

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