Recent studies using transgenic animals have revealed a crucial role for
polyamines in the development and the growth of skin and hair follicles.
In mammals, the growth of hair is characterized by three main cyclic
phases of transformation, including a rapid growth phase (anagen), an
apoptosis-driven regression phase (catagen) and a relatively quiescent
resting phase (telogen). The polyamine pool during the anagen phase is
higher than in telogen and catagen phases. In this study, we used
alpha-methylspermidine, a metabolically stable polyamine analog, to
artificially elevate the polyamine pool during telogen. This
manipulation was sufficient to induce hair growth in telogen phase mice
after 2 weeks of daily topical application. The application site was
characterized by typical features of anagen, such as pigmentation,
growing hair follicles, proliferation of follicular keratinocytes and
upregulation of beta-catenin. The analog penetrated the protective
epidermal layer of the skin and could be detected in dermis. The natural
polyamines were partially replaced by the analog in the application
site. However, the combined pool of natural spermidine and
alpha-methylspermidine exceeded the physiological spermidine pool in
telogen phase skin. These results highlight the role of polyamines in
hair cycle regulation and show that it is possible to control the
process of hair growth using physiologically stable polyamine analogs.
PMID: 19956989
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