Does The Soul Exist? Evidence Says ‘Yes’'
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/biocentrism/201112/does-the-soul-exist-evidence-says-yes
New scientific theory recognizes life’s spiritual dimension
Published on December 21, 2011 by Robert Lanza, M.D. in Biocentrism
The reality of the soul is among the most important questions of life.
Although religions go on and on about its existence, how do we know if
souls really exist? A string of new scientific experiments helps
answer this ancient spiritual question.
The idea of the soul is bound up with the idea of a future life and
our belief in a continued existence after death. It's said to be the
ultimate animating principle by which we think and feel, but isn't
dependent on the body. Many infer its existence without scientific
analysis or reflection. Indeed, the mysteries of birth and death, the
play of consciousness during dreams (or after a few martinis), and
even the commonest mental operations – such as imagination and memory
– suggest the existence of a vital life force – an élan vital – that
exists independent of the body.
Yet, the current scientific paradigm doesn't recognize this spiritual
dimension of life. We're told we're just the activity of carbon and
some proteins; we live awhile and die. And the universe? It too has no
meaning. It has all been worked out in the equations – no need for a
soul. But biocentrism – a new ‘theory of everything' – challenges this
traditional, materialistic model of reality. In all directions, this
outdated paradigm leads to insoluble enigmas, to ideas that are
ultimately irrational. But knowledge is the prelude to wisdom, and
soon our worldview will catch up with the facts.
Of course, most spiritual people view the soul as emphatically more
definitive than the scientific concept. It's considered the
incorporeal essence of a person, and is said to be immortal and
transcendent of material existence. But when scientists speak of the
soul (if at all), it's usually in a materialistic context, or treated
as a poetic synonym for the mind. Everything knowable about the "soul"
can be learned by studying the functioning of the brain. In their
view, neuroscience is the only branch of scientific study relevant to
understanding the soul.
Traditionally, science has dismissed the soul as an object of human
belief, or reduced it to a psychological concept that shapes our
cognition of the observable natural world. The terms "life" and
"death" are thus nothing more than the common concepts of "biological
life" and "biological death." The animating principle is simply the
laws of chemistry and physics. You (and all the poets and philosophers
that ever lived) are just dust orbiting the core of the Milky Way
galaxy.
As I sit here in my office surrounded by piles of scientific books, I
can't find a single reference to the soul, or any notion of an
immaterial, eternal essence that occupies our being. Indeed, a soul
has never been seen under an electron microscope, nor spun in the
laboratory in a test tube or ultra-centrifuge. According to these
books, nothing appears to survive the human body after death.
While neuroscience has made tremendous progress illuminating the
functioning of the brain, why we have a subjective experience remains
mysterious. The problem of the soul lies exactly here, in
understanding the nature of the self, the "I" in existence that feels
and lives life. But this isn't just a problem for biology and
cognitive science, but for the whole of Western natural philosophy
itself.
Our current worldview – the world of objectivity and naïve realism –
is beginning to show fatal cracks. Of course, this will not surprise
many of the philosophers and other readers who, contemplating the
works of men such as Plato, Socrates and Kant, and of Buddha and other
great spiritual teachers, kept wondering about the relationship
between the universe and the mind of man.
Recently, biocentrism and other scientific theories have also started
to challenge the old physico-chemical paradigm, and to ask some of the
difficult questions about life: Is there a soul? Does anything endure
the ravages of time?
Life and consciousness are central to this new view of being, reality
and the cosmos. Although the current scientific paradigm is based on
the belief that the world has an objective observer-independent
existence, real experiments suggest just the opposite. We think life
is just the activity of atoms and particles, which spin around for a
while and then dissipate into nothingness. But if we add life to the
equation, we can explain some of the major puzzles of modern science,
including the uncertainty principle, entanglement, and the fine-tuning
of the laws that shape the universe.
Consider the famous two-slit experiment. When you watch a particle go
through the holes, it behaves like a bullet, passing through one slit
or the other. But if no one observes the particle, it exhibits the
behavior of a wave and can pass through both slits at the same time.
This and other experiments tell us that unobserved particles exist
only as ‘waves of probability' as the great Nobel laureate Max Born
demonstrated in 1926. They're statistical predictions – nothing but a
likely outcome. Until observed, they have no real existence; only when
the mind sets the scaffolding in place, can they be thought of as
having duration or a position in space. Experiments make it
increasingly clear that even mere knowledge in the experimenter's mind
is sufficient to convert possibility to reality.
Many scientists dismiss the implications of these experiments, because
until recently, this observer-dependent behavior was thought to be
confined to the subatomic world. However, this is being challenged by
researchers around the world. In fact, just this year a team of
physicists (Gerlich et al, Nature Communications 2:263, 2011) showed
that quantum weirdness also occurs in the human-scale world. They
studied huge compounds composed of up to 430 atoms, and confirmed that
this strange quantum behavior extends into the larger world we live
in.
Importantly, this has a direct bearing on the question of whether
humans and other living creatures have souls. As Kant pointed out over
200 years ago, everything we experience – including all the colors,
sensations and objects we perceive – are nothing but representations
in our mind. Space and time are simply the mind's tools for putting it
all together. Now, to the amusement of idealists, scientists are
beginning dimly to recognize that those rules make existence itself
possible. Indeed, the experiments above suggest that objects only
exist with real properties if they are observed. The results not only
defy our classical intuition, but suggest that a part of the mind –
the soul – is immortal and exists outside of space and time.
"The hope of another life" wrote Will Durant "gives us courage to meet
our own death, and to bear with the death of our loved ones; we are
twice armed if we fight with faith."
And we are thrice armed if we fight with science.