As an American living in Latvia, I read Kira Savchenko's
appraisal of the referendum on making Russian the second national language with
surprise and alarm (
"A
Fight Latvia Doesn't Need," op-ed, Feb. 17). She seems to paint
native-Latvian speakers as bigoted bullies who want to limit the integration of
an ethnic minority. The reality I've experienced in Latvia is quite different.
As Ms. Savchenko notes, the majority of Russian-speaking Latvians "settled"
in Latvia after World War II. But that settlement was part of a coordinated plan
by the Kremlin that included deporting a significant number of Latvians to
Siberia. When those Latvians who survived deportation were allowed to return
after Stalin's death, many found other people living in their houses. These
wounds are still fresh.
Ms. Savchenko contends that the Harmony Center party was excluded from the
current governing coalition, thus destroying what "wobbly integration had been
achieved over the last decade." Yet one of the main stumbling blocks toward
including Harmony in the current government was their continued refusal to
acknowledge the Soviet period of Latvian history as an occupation. The United
States, in contrast, never recognized that the Baltic States were part of the
Soviet Union.
The potentially violent nationalist parties that Ms. Savechenko mentions do
exist, but they did not win a significant portion of the vote in the last
parliamentary election. The current government consists of a three-way coalition
between two centrist Latvian parties and one far-right party, which was brought
in after the negotiations with Harmony fell apart. If far-right parties gain
more traction in Latvia, that will become a point of concern, but today they
more closely resemble France's National Front-an irritant, not a threat.
Ms. Savchenko asks that we view the debate concerning closing
"minority-language schools" as an act of hostility, but the issue can also be
viewed through the lens of a small culture-Latvian has fewer than two million
native speakers-trying to defend itself against incursions of all kinds, and
certainly not just from the Russian language. Before I was able to get married
in Latvia, for example, I had to wait while the Latvian National Translation
Office decided on the spelling of my American name. Here in Latvia I'm
"Kristofers RīŋŊbers."
Ms. Savchenko is certainly correct when she says that "Russians' and
Latvians' interests do not clash." Latvia would do well to follow Germany's
example of providing low-to-no-cost integration programs with an emphasis on
learning the national language for non-native speakers. And native Russian
speakers living in Riga could do a better job of understanding why the May 9
celebration commemorating victory over the Nazis can be difficult for native
Latvian speakers, who view that date as the start of an oppressive and often
brutal occupation by the Soviet Union.
Both Latvian and Russian native speakers can make strides toward
understanding each others' positions. But it is unfair to characterize the
desire to keep Latvian as the country's single national language as bigotry.
Christopher Rieber
Riga, Latvia