Mercury Contamination Of Fish Warrants Worldwide Public Warning
Pastor Dale Morgan
Mercury Contamination Of Fish Warrants Worldwide Public Warning*
On average, three times more mercury is falling from the sky today than
before the Industrial Revolution 200 years ago as a result of the
increasing use of mercury and industrial emissions. Little is known
about the behavior of mercury in marine ecosystems and methylmercury in
marine fish, the ingestion of which is the primary way most people at
all levels of society worldwide are exposed to this highly toxic form of
mercury.
by Staff Writers
Madison WI (SPX) Mar 09, 2007
The health risks posed by mercury contaminated fish is sufficient to
warrant issuing a worldwide general warning to the public - especially
children and women of childbearing age-to be careful about how much and
which fish they eat. That is one of the key findings comprising "The
Madison Declaration on Mercury Pollution" published today in a special
issue of the international science journal Ambio.
Developed at the Eighth International Conference on Mercury as a Global
Pollutant last August in Madison, Wis., the declaration is a synopsis of
the latest scientific knowledge about the danger posed by mercury
pollution. It presents 33 principal findings from five synthesis papers
prepared by the world's leading mercury scientists and published in the
same issue of Ambio. The declaration and supporting papers summarize
what is currently known about the sources and movement of mercury in the
atmosphere, the socioeconomic and health effects of mercury pollution on
human populations, and its effects on the world's fisheries and wildlife.
Five other major findings in the declaration were:
On average, three times more mercury is falling from the sky today than
before the Industrial Revolution 200 years ago as a result of the
increasing use of mercury and industrial emissions.
The uncontrolled use of mercury in small-scale gold mining is
contaminating thousands of sites around the world, posing long-term
health risks to an estimated 50 million inhabitants of mining regions.
These activities alone contribute more than 10 percent of the mercury in
Earth's atmosphere attributable to human activities today.
Little is known about the behavior of mercury in marine ecosystems and
methylmercury in marine fish, the ingestion of which is the primary way
most people at all levels of society worldwide are exposed to this
highly toxic form of mercury.
Methylmercury exposure now constitutes a public health problem in most
regions of the world.
Methylmercury levels in fish-eating birds and mammals in some parts of
the world are reaching toxic levels, which may lead to population
declines in these species and possibly in fish populations as well.
"The policy implications of these findings are clear," said James
Wiener, a Wisconsin Distinguished Professor at the University of
Wisconsin-La Crosse who served as technical chair for last summer's
conference. "The declaration and detailed analyses presented in the five
supporting papers clearly show that effective national and international
policies are needed to combat this global problem." Published by the
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Ambio (www.ambio.kva.se) is widely
recognized as an important international forum for debate on scientific,
social, economic and cultural issues affecting the human environment.
Wiener said the Madison Declaration summarizes a year-long effort by
many of the world's leading mercury scientists, assembled into four
expert panels, to review and synthesize the major mercury science
findings. Every member of all four scientific panels endorsed the
declaration, he said. Wiener added that all 1,150 participants at the
conference were invited to express their confidence in the experts'
findings, and the vast majority of those who did so agreed with the
experts' conclusions.
Other major findings in the declaration include:
Increased mercury emissions from developing countries over the last 30
years have offset decreased emissions from developed nations.
There is now solid scientific evidence of methylmercury's toxic health
effects, particularly to the human fetus.
New evidence indicates that methylmercury exposure may increase the risk
of cardiovascular disease, particularly in adult men.
Increasing mercury concentrations are now being found in a number of
fish-eating wildlife species in remote areas of the planet.
The actual socioeconomic costs of mercury pollution are probably much
greater than estimated because existing economic analyses don't consider
mercury's impacts on ecosystems and wildlife.
The concentration of methylmercury in fish in freshwater and coastal
ecosystems can be expected to decline with reduced mercury inputs;
however, the rate of decline is expected to vary among water bodies,
depending on the characteristics of a particular ecosystem.
Besides Wiener, conference organizers included James Hurley of the
University of Wisconsin-Madison Sea Grant Institute, David Krabbenhoft
of the U.S. Geological Survey and Christopher L. Babiarz of the
UW-Madison Water Science and Engineering Laboratory. Wisconsin Sea
Grant, USGS and UW-La Crosse were among the major sponsors of the 2006
conference.